Photoreceptor processing improves salience facilitating small target detection in cluttered scenes
Photoreceptor processing improves salience facilitating small target detection in cluttered scenes
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DOI：
10.1167/8.11.8
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
O'Carroll, David C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brinkworth, Russell S. A.;Mah, Eng-Leng;O'Carroll, David C.
杂波中的目标检测对于自然视觉和人工视觉来说都是一项具有挑战性的任务，但在昆虫第三视神经节的神经元水平上解决了一个问题。这些神经元能够对小物体的运动做出反应，即使是在复杂的移动背景下。虽然已经研究了基本的生理学，但关于这些细胞如何能够拒绝背景运动，同时对这种小刺激做出鲁棒性反应的知之甚少。通过记录细胞内从苍蝇光感受器刺激与自然图像序列，包含一个目标，看到一个复杂的移动背景，我们表明，目标检测的过程开始在视觉的最早阶段。在没有任何空间相互作用的情况下，光感受器单独进行的时间处理将目标识别（基本上是空间任务）提高了约70%。这种增强的目标显着性可以解释感光器时间非线性动力学的精细模型。在这项工作中概述的功能原理的应用可以被用于机器人和监视，医学成像或天文学等领域，任何地方都有必要从杂乱的环境中检测到一个小项目。
Target detection amidst clutter is a challenging task for both natural and artificial vision, yet one solved at the level of neurons in the 3rd optic ganglion of insects. These neurons are capable of responding to the motion of small objects, even against complex moving backgrounds. While the basic physiology has been investigated, little is known about how these cells are able to reject background motion while robustly responding to such small stimuli. By recording intracellularly from fly photoreceptors stimulated with natural image sequences containing a target viewed against a complex moving background, we show that the process of target detection begins at the earliest stages of vision. The temporal processing by photoreceptors alone, in the absence of any spatial interactions, improved the discrimination of targets (essentially a spatial task) by around 70%. This enhancement of target salience can be explained by elaborate models of photoreceptor temporal non-linear dynamics. The application of the functional principals outlined in this work could be utilized in areas such as robotics and surveillance, medical imaging, or astronomy, anywhere it is necessary to detect a small item from a cluttered surround.