DEM analysis on longitudinal and transverse profiles of steep mountainous watersheds
DEM analysis on longitudinal and transverse profiles of steep mountainous watersheds
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.01.017
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发表时间：
2006-08
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Zhou Lin;T. Oguchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou Lin;T. Oguchi
流域的纵横向特征是描述流域地形的基础。然而，只有少数研究分析了流域的横向剖面特征，几乎没有研究同时检查纵向和横向剖面。流域内的横向剖面如何变化，流域的纵向和横向特征如何相互关联，仍有待研究。为了解决这些问题，本研究利用DEM、GIS和计算机编程技术获取了一系列流域的纵向和横向剖面。基本的形态参数，代表这些配置文件的形状，进行了分析。方法分类的配置文件，并确定点的形态特征的突然变化也被开发。这些方法，然后应用于严重解剖陡峭的流域在日本阿尔卑斯山。结果表明，横向特征的空间变化反映了两个因素：流域的总体地形和渠道发展的局部差异。横向剖面的形状也受到侵蚀过程的影响，侵蚀过程产生了具有特征坡度角的成熟V形山谷。纵剖面和横剖面在决定流域地形方面起着不同的作用，总纵坡对流域平均坡度有重要影响。而纵剖面和横剖面的不连续性往往发生在同一位置，这可能反映了断裂带的存在及其对谷坡发育的影响。
Longitudinal and transverse characteristics of watersheds are fundamental to describe watershed topography. Only a limited number of studies, however, have analyzed the characteristics of transverse profiles in watersheds, and almost no studies have examined longitudinal and transverse profiles at the same time. How transverse profiles change within a watershed and how longitudinal and transverse characteristics of watersheds are related remain to be examined. To address these issues, this study employs DEMs, GIS and computer programming techniques to acquire a series of longitudinal and transverse profiles of watersheds. Basic morphometric parameters, representing the shape of these profiles, were analyzed. Methods to classify the profiles and to identify points where the morphometric characteristics change abruptly were also developed. These methods were then applied to severely dissected steep watersheds in the Japanese Alps. The results show that spatial change in transverse characteristics reflects two factors: general topography of the watersheds and local differences in channel development. The form of the transverse profiles is also affected by erosion processes that create mature V-shaped valleys with a characteristic slope angle. The longitudinal and transverse profiles play different roles in determining watershed topography, and the overall longitudinal slope exerts a major influence on the mean watershed slope. The discontinuity of the longitudinal and transverse profiles, however, tends to occur at the same location, which may reflect the occurrence of knickzones and their influences on the development of valley-side slopes.