Postural effects on biomechanical and psychophysical weight-lifting limits.
Postural effects on biomechanical and psychophysical weight-lifting limits.
复制标题
姿势对生物力学和心理物理举重极限的影响。
DOI：
10.1080/00140139408963681
复制
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Page,GB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chaffin,DB;Page,GB
许多人认为，生物力学模型和数据还不够完善和验证，不足以作为设定“安全”人口负荷提升限制的基础。相反，他们主张这样的限制应该基于对不同人群进行的心理物理测试得出的人口样本所证明的“最大可接受体重限制”（MAWL）。然而，生物力学模型正变得越来越稳健和有效。这些模型的计算机化版本很容易获得，这些模型现在可以更全面地了解一个人的脊柱和支撑结构的病理生理学，从而提供了一种方法来预测在给定的搬运情况下组织损伤的风险。NIOSH已经认识到生物力学和心理物理学在美国建立推荐体重限制（RWL）的有效性。本文探讨了使用这两种方法和数据的含义。本文提出了三个案例研究，涉及不频繁地从接近地面的位置抬起不同大小的箱子，以探索MAWL和生物力学确定的极限之间的差异。这些案例包括使用自由式姿势的对称矢状面举重，类似的自由式和蹲式举重，以及不对称负重举重任务。在所有三个案例的比较中显示，仅基于椎间盘压缩力容忍度3400牛的推荐负荷将远远低于代表75%甚至90% 40岁以下年轻男性的公布的MAWL值（即MAWL值可能对某些年轻男性没有保护作用）。研究还表明，MAWL值与脊柱运动节段失稳值相比没有太大的总体方差。因此，许多年轻男性的脊柱可以承受已公布的最高MAWL值。本文还讨论了几个缓解因素，包括负载提升轨迹、提升动力学和生物力学建模限制，以及与年龄和性别相关的压缩力容限和mawl的差异。
Many believe that biomechanical models and data are not sufficiently refined and validated to be used as the basis for setting ‘safe’ population load lifting limits. Rather, they advocate that such limits should be based on what a sample of the population demonstrate to be ‘maximum acceptable weight limits’ (MAWL) resulting from psychophysical tests performed with different populations. Yet, biomechanical models are becoming more robust and valid. Computerized versions of these models are readily available, and these models now can provide a more complete understanding of the pathophysiology of a person's spinal column and supporting structures, thereby providing a means to predict the risk of tissue trauma in given lifting situations for large size populations. NIOSH has recognized the validity of both biomechanics and psychophysics for establishing a Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) in the United States. The implications of using both types of methods and data are explored in this paper. Three case studies are presented that involve infrequent lifting of varied size boxes from near floor level to explore how MAWL and biomechanically determined limits differ. The cases include symmetric, sagittal plane lifting using a freestyle posture, a similar lift but with freestyle and squat lift postures, and an asymmetric load lifting task. In all three case comparisons it is shown that a recommended load to be lifted based solely on a spinal disc compression force tolerance of 3400 N would be much lower than published MAWL values representing 75% or even 90% of young males under 40 years old (i.e. MAWL values may not be protective of some young males). It also is shown that MAWL values do not have as much population variance as the spinal motion segment failure values. Hence, many younger males would be expected to have spinal columns that can tolerate the highest published MAWL values. Several mitigating factors, including load lifting trajectories, lifting dynamics, and biomechanical modeling limitations are discussed, as well as differences in compressive force tolerances and MAWLs associated with age and gender.
登录
查看更多内容
对 NIOSH 手动提升指南的评估，特别参考水平距离。
DOI：
10.1080/15298668991374453
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
American Industrial Hygiene Association journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Garg
通讯作者：
A. Garg
静态和动态生物力学模型的比较。
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
T. Leskinen
通讯作者：
T. Leskinen
男性产业工人可接受的最大体重和工作负荷。
DOI：
10.1080/0002889708506296
发表时间：
1970
期刊：
American Industrial Hygiene Association journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Snook;C. Irvine;S. Bass
通讯作者：
S. Bass
非对称提升的最大可接受重量和最大自愿等长力量。
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
A. Garg;D. Badger
通讯作者：
D. Badger
两种手动举重方法的生物力学评估
影响因子：
--
作者：
Park KyungS.;Chaffin DonB.
通讯作者：
Chaffin DonB.