Influence of on-board produced hydrogen and three way catalyst on soot nanostructure in gasoline direct injection engines
Influence of on-board produced hydrogen and three way catalyst on soot nanostructure in gasoline direct injection engines
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DOI：
10.1016/j.carbon.2017.05.049
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发表时间：
2017-08
期刊：
影响因子：
10.9
通讯作者：
M. Bogarra;J. Herreros;A. Tsolakis;A. York;P. Millington;F. Martos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Bogarra;J. Herreros;A. Tsolakis;A. York;P. Millington;F. Martos
如何有效地控制缸内直喷汽油机碳烟排放，使其达到排放标准，是汽车制造商和研究人员共同面临的挑战。透射电子显微镜是获得颗粒物（PM）排放中碳烟形态和纳米结构参数的有力工具。这些参数对颗粒物的排放控制起着重要的作用，同时也影响着颗粒物的过滤效率和碳烟的氧化特性。本文对直喷汽油机一次碳烟颗粒的层间距、条纹长度和条纹弯曲度（曲率）进行了综合分析。GDI初级颗粒显示出核-壳结构，类似于柴油机烟灰，具有6至16 nm的内核直径和6至13 nm的外石墨烯层。通过改变燃料喷射正时或通过在燃烧过程中引入EGR和氢气，碳烟纳米结构没有显著改变。这些结果是相反的，从柴油发动机中排放的碳烟，其中碳烟纳米结构的影响与发动机运行条件的变化。此外，三元催化转化器不影响碳烟纳米结构或碳烟氧化特性。
Effectively controlling carbon soot emission from Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engines to achieve legislative emission limits is a challenge for both the vehicle manufacturers and researchers. Transmission electron microscopy is a powerful tool for obtaining morphological and nanostructural parameters of carbon soot in Particulate Matter (PM) emissions. These parameters play a significant role in PM emissions control as are affecting filtration efficiency and soot oxidation characteristics.In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of the interlayer spacing, fringe length and fringe tortuosity (curvature) of primary soot particles from GDI engine has been performed. GDI primary particles showed a core-shell structure, similar to diesel soot, with an inner core diameter between 6 and 16 nm and the outer graphene layer between 6 and 13 nm. The soot nanostructure is not significantly modified by changing the fuel injection timing or by introducing EGR and hydrogen in the combustion process. These results are opposed to those obtained from soot emitted in diesel engines where soot nanostructure is affected with changes in engine operating conditions. Furthermore, the three way catalytic converter does not influence soot nanostructure or the soot oxidation characteristics.