Aging Field Collected Aedes aegypti to Determine Their Capacity for Dengue Transmission in the Southwestern United States
Aging Field Collected Aedes aegypti to Determine Their Capacity for Dengue Transmission in the Southwestern United States
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0046946
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发表时间：
2012-10-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Riehle, Michael A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Joy, Teresa K.;Gutierrez, Eileen H. Jeffrey;Riehle, Michael A.
埃及伊蚊是登革热病毒的主要传播媒介，在美国西南部的城市地区，包括亚利桑那州的图森市，已得到很好的传播。然而，该地区尚未报告登革热病毒在当地传播。虽然许多因素影响登革热病毒的分布，我们假设一个因素是，女性的寿命Ae。美国西南部的埃及蚊子太矮，病毒无法完成发育并传播到新的宿主。为了验证这一点，我们使用了两种年龄分级技术。首先，我们通过分析卵巢气管来确定产次，发现只有40%的Ae。在Tucson，AZ收集的埃及雌性是经产的。第二种技术确定了年龄相关基因肌浆钙结合蛋白1（SCP-1）的转录水平。SCP-1的表达下降，在一个可预测的方式作为蚊子的年龄增加，无论饲养条件和生殖状态。我们开发了基于奇偶校验和SCP-1表达的统计模型，以确定个体的年龄，现场收集的蚊子在三个年龄段内：非媒介（羽化后0-5天），不太可能的媒介（羽化后6-14天），和潜在的媒介（羽化后15天以上）。统计模型使我们能够准确地将个体野生蚊子分为三个年龄段，具有很高的置信度。结合产次状态分析个体、现场收集的蚊子的SCP-1表达水平。根据SCP-1转录水平和产次数据，9%的收集蚊子在羽化后存活超过15天。
Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue virus, is well established throughout urban areas of the Southwestern US, including Tucson, AZ. Local transmission of the dengue virus, however, has not been reported in this area. Although many factors influence the distribution of the dengue virus, we hypothesize that one contributing factor is that the lifespan of female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in the Southwestern US is too short for the virus to complete development and be transmitted to a new host. To test this we utilized two age grading techniques. First, we determined parity by analyzing ovarian tracheation and found that only 40% of Ae. aegypti females collected in Tucson, AZ were parous. The second technique determined transcript levels of an age-associated gene, Sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein 1 (SCP-1). SCP-1 expression decreased in a predictable manner as the age of mosquitoes increased regardless of rearing conditions and reproductive status. We developed statistical models based on parity and SCP-1 expression to determine the age of individual, field collected mosquitoes within three age brackets: nonvectors (0-5 days post-emergence), unlikely vectors (6-14 days post-emergence), and potential vectors (15+ days post-emergence). The statistical models allowed us to accurately group individual wild mosquitoes into the three age brackets with high confidence. SCP-1 expression levels of individual, field collected mosquitoes were analyzed in conjunction with parity status. Based on SCP-1 transcript levels and parity data, 9% of collected mosquitoes survived more than 15 days post emergence.