Sensitivity of populations ofBotrytis cinerea to triazoles, benomyl and vinclozolin
Sensitivity of populations ofBotrytis cinerea to triazoles, benomyl and vinclozolin
复制标题
灰葡萄孢群体对三唑、苯菌灵和乙烯菌核利的敏感性
DOI：
10.1007/bf01877104
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
M. D. Waard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Stehmann;M. D. Waard
采用放射状生长试验，测定了来自法国（1992）、德国（1979-1992）、以色列（1990）和荷兰（1970-1989）的121个灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）菌株对戊唑醇和三唑醇、苯并咪唑苯菌灵和二甲酰亚胺多菌灵的敏感性。对苯菌灵（21 - 100%的测试菌株）和乙烯菌核利（25 - 71%的测试菌株）的抗性在大多数国家很常见。EC_（50）（抑制菌丝径向生长的杀菌剂浓度）CinereaonB 5-琼脂50%）分别在0.01-1.64和0.4-32.6Μg/ml之间，呈对数正态分布。戊唑醇和三唑醇的变异系数（最低和最高敏感菌株的EC_（50）之比）分别为164和82。这些值与用于控制其他病原体的唑类杀真菌剂的值相当。因此，对三唑敏感性的变化可能不能解释三唑对B的有限现场性能。灰叶从西南德国（1992年）分离的菌株对戊唑醇的敏感性明显低于早期在德国、以色列和荷兰收集的菌株。这些不太敏感的种群可能导致了杀菌剂对B的有限田间性能。灰叶来自西南德国的菌株对戊唑醇的敏感性与实验室产生的DMI抗性突变体相似。这些突变体表现出稳定的抗性，Q值（抗性突变体和野生型分离物的EC 50之间的比率）在5和20之间。田间分离物和实验室突变体对戊唑醇和三唑醇的敏感性相关。
Sensitivity of field isolates (121) ofBotrytis cinereafrom France (1992), Germany (1979–1992), Israel (1990) and the Netherlands (1970–1989) to the triazoles tebuconazole and triadimenol, the benzimidazole benomyl and the dicarboximide vinclozolin were tested in radial growth experiments. Resistance to benomyl (in 21 to 100% of isolates tested) and vinclozolin (in 25 to 71% of isolates tested) was common in most countries. EC50s (concentrations of fungicides inhibiting radial mycelial growth ofB. cinereaon B5-agar by 50%) for tebuconazole and triadimenol ranged between 0.01–1.64 and 0.4–32.6Μg ml−1, respectively, and were log-normally distributed. The variation factor (ratio between EC50s of the least and most sensitive isolate tested) amounts 164 and 82 for tebuconazole and triadimenol, respectively. These values are comparable to those for azole fungicides applied in control of other pathogens. Hence, variation in sensitivity to triazoles can probably not explain limited field performance of triazoles towardsB. cinerea. Isolates from south west Germany (1992) were significantly less sensitive to tebuconazole than isolates collected earlier in Germany, Israel and the Netherlands. Such less sensitive populations may contribute to the limited field performance of DMI fungicides towardsB. cinerea. The sensitivity of isolates from south west Germany to tebuconazole was similar to that of DMI-resistant mutants generated in the laboratory. These mutants displayed stable resistance with Q-values (ratio between EC50of resistant mutant and wild type isolate) between 5 and 20. Sensitivity of field isolates and laboratory mutants to tebuconazole and triadimenol was correlated.