Unwanted residential wildlife: Evaluating social-ecological patterns for snake removals
Unwanted residential wildlife: Evaluating social-ecological patterns for snake removals
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不需要的居住野生动物：评估蛇清除的社会生态模式
DOI：
10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01601
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Hughes, Bryan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bateman, Heather L.;Brown, Jeffrey A.;Larson, Kelli L.;Andrade, Riley;Hughes, Bryan
由于人为压力，蛇在全球范围内受到威胁。当居民在家里遇到蛇时，蛇与人之间就会发生冲突。我们与一家提供蛇清除服务的当地企业合作，检查了 2018 年至 2019 年间美国亚利桑那州凤凰城大都市区 2000 多次蛇清除记录。我们根据美国社区调查中的社区级社会经济属性以及对 494 名受访者进行的社会调查中的个人人口统计数据，检查了清除地点与社区层面的社会经济属性的关系。超过 68% 的捕猎对象是有毒的西部菱背响尾蛇 (Crotalus atrox)，这是社区来源的数据和出版物中观察到的该地区最常见的物种。除冬季外，全年均发生迁移，并在夏季雨季达到高峰。蛇经常被从居民较富裕、受教育程度较高、拉丁裔居民比例较大以及新建住宅的社区中清除。个人对蛇问题的看法与被清除的蛇数量无关。这项研究首次在社会生态背景下分析了蛇的清除情况，并强调了研究人员与当地企业合作以获得难以捉摸的分类单元的空间和时间信息的保护效益。类似的合作可能会导致研究人员向城市社区成员学习，以及愿意利用研究伙伴关系的结果来指导其实践的团体，从而对蛇采取直接的保护行动。如果将蛇迁离人口密度高的地区，从而减少每年被人类杀死的蛇，那么了解如何在城市化干旱地区维持生物多样性就可以保护蛇。
Snakes are globally threatened due to anthropogenic pressures. Conflicts between snakes and people occur when residents encounter snakes in their home environments. In collaboration with a local business that provides snake removal services, we examined records from over 2000 snake removals in Phoenix metropolitan area, Arizona, United States between 2018 and 2019. We examined removal locations in relation to neighborhood-level socioeconomic attributes from the American Community Survey and individual demographics from a social survey of 494 respondents. Over 68% of removals were of the venomous Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox), which is the most common species in the area observed in community-sourced data and publications. Removals occurred throughout the year except winter and peaked during summer rainy season. Snakes were frequently removed from neighborhoods with wealthier and more highly educated residents, greater proportion of Latinx residents, and recently constructed homes. Individual perceptions of snakes as problematic were not related to the number of snakes removed. This research is the first to analyze snake removals in a social-ecological context and underscores the conservation benefits of researchers partnering with a local business to gain spatial and temporal information on an elusive taxon. Similar collaborations could lead to direct conservation action for snakes by researchers learning from community members in cities and by groups willing to use results from research partnerships to inform their practices. Understanding how to maintain biodiversity in urbanizing arid regions could protect snakes if relocating snakes away from areas of high human density translates into fewer snakes killed by people annually.
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