3D Printing for the Fabrication of Biofilm-Based Functional Living Materials
3D Printing for the Fabrication of Biofilm-Based Functional Living Materials
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DOI：
10.1021/acssynbio.9b00192
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Meyer, Anne S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Balasubramanian, Srikkanth;Aubin-Tam, Marie-Eve;Meyer, Anne S.
细菌生物膜是细胞的三维网络，缠绕在由蛋白质、脂质、多糖和核酸组成的细胞外聚合物基质中。生物膜几乎可以在任何可接近的表面上形成，并导致从传染病到有毒化学品降解的各种影响。生物膜具有很高的机械刚度，并且水凝胶对不利条件具有固有的耐受性，包括抗生素、污染物、洗涤剂、高温、pH值变化等。这些特性使生物膜具有弹性，这有利于在动态环境中的应用，如生物淋滤、生物修复、材料生产和废水净化。我们最近描述了一种简单且具有成本效益的细菌3D打印方法，并将该技术扩展到基因工程大肠杆菌生物膜的3D打印。我们的3D打印平台利用简单的海藻酸盐化学将细菌-海藻酸盐生物墨水混合物打印到含钙琼脂表面，从而形成具有不同几何形状的细菌包封水凝胶。这些水凝胶中的细菌保持完整，空间模式，并可存活数天。打印工程细菌以产生可诱导的生物膜，可以形成多层三维结构，可以承受苛刻的化学处理。合成生物学和材料科学方法为这些3d打印的生物膜提供了广泛的有用功能。在本文中，我们描述了将功能3d打印生物膜以大规模和环境稳定的方式应用于活生物膜衍生材料构建的广泛的未来应用。
Bacterial biofilms are three-dimensional networks of cells entangled in a self-generated extracellular polymeric matrix composed of proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids. Biofilms can establish themselves on virtually any accessible surface and lead to varying impacts ranging from infectious diseases to degradation of toxic chemicals. Biofilms exhibit high mechanical stiffness and are Hydrogel inherently tolerant to adverse conditions including the presence of antibiotics, pollutants, detergents, high temperature, changes in pH, etc. These features make biofilms resilient, which is beneficial for applications in dynamic environments such as bioleaching, bioremediation, materials production, and wastewater purification. We have recently described an easy and cost-effective method for 3D printing of bacteria and have extended this technology for 3D printing of genetically engineered Escherichia coli biofilms. Our 3D printing platform exploits simple alginate chemistry for printing of a bacteria-alginate bioink mixture onto calcium-containing agar surfaces, resulting in the formation of bacteria-encapsulating hydrogels with varying geometries. Bacteria in these hydrogels remain intact, spatially patterned, and viable for several days. Printing of engineered bacteria to produce inducible biofilms leads to formation of multilayered three-dimensional structures that can tolerate harsh chemical treatments. Synthetic biology and material science approaches provide the opportunity to append a wide range of useful functionalities to these 3D-printed biofilms. In this article, we describe the wide range of future applications possible for applying functional 3D-printed biofilms to the construction of living biofilm-derived materials in a large-scale and environmentally stable manner.