Risk and resilience of well-being in caregivers of young children in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Risk and resilience of well-being in caregivers of young children in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
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DOI：
10.1093/tbm/ibaa124
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Natale, Ruby
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Davidson, Bridget;Schmidt, Ellyn;Natale, Ruby
COVID-19大流行正在影响全球社区，对疾病和死亡率产生直接影响，对经济、工作场所、学校/日托和社会生活产生间接影响。然而，我们对这一流行病对幼儿家庭的影响了解甚少。我们使用风险和恢复力模型来评估大流行对不同照顾者（N = 286）的心理健康的影响，这些照顾者的年龄在出生至5岁之间。我们评估了以下假设：(a)大流行压力和照顾者报告的儿童心理社会问题与照顾者的心理健康症状相关；(b)照顾者与大流行相关的自我效能和应对介导了这些关系。护理人员于2020年4月至5月完成了调查，评估了大流行压力（如健康、财务和住房）、儿童心理社会问题、应对策略和自我效能，以管理家庭需求。我们的主要结果是护理人员自疫情爆发以来自我报告的心理健康症状变化。通径分析显示，更大的大流行压力与照顾者对满足与COVID-19相关的家庭需求的信心降低有关，这与照顾者心理健康症状恶化有关。更严重的儿童社会心理问题也预示着更严重的照顾者心理健康症状。研究结果表明，大流行压力、儿童社会心理问题和照顾者自我效能感对照顾者心理健康的影响是相互关联的。虽然需要进一步研究，以审查促进复原力和缓解大流行对照顾者心理健康影响的战略，但这是评估这次大流行对幼儿家庭的心理社会影响的第一步。本文讨论了分级应对措施的临床意义，以减轻大流行对家庭功能的影响。
The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting communities worldwide, with direct effects of illness and mortality, and indirect effects on economies, workplaces, schools/daycares, and social life. However, we understand very little about the effects of this pandemic on families of young children. We used a risk and resilience model to evaluate the effects of the pandemic on mental health in diverse caregivers (N = 286) with children ages birth to 5. We evaluated the hypotheses that (a) pandemic stress and caregiver-reported child psychosocial concerns correlate with caregivers' mental health symptoms and (b) caregivers' pandemic-related self-efficacy and coping mediate these relationships. Caregivers completed surveys in April-May 2020 assessing pandemic stress (e.g., health, finances, and housing), child psychosocial problems, coping strategies, and self-efficacy to manage family needs. Our primary outcome was caregivers' self-reported changes in mental health symptoms since the outbreak. Path analysis revealed that higher pandemic stress was associated with caregivers' reduced confidence in meeting their family's needs related to COVID-19, which correlated with worse caregiver mental health symptoms. Greater child psychosocial problems also predicted worse caregiver mental health symptoms. Findings suggest that pandemic stress, child psychosocial problems, and caregiver self-efficacy are interrelated in their influence on caregivers' mental health. While further research is needed to examine strategies to foster resilience and buffer the pandemic's effects on caregiver mental health, this is a first step in evaluating the psychosocial effects of this pandemic in families of young children. Clinical implications are discussed for a tiered response to mitigate the pandemic's impacts on family functioning.