NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ACCOUNTING FOR CHANGES IN BETWEEN-GROUP INEQUALITY
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ACCOUNTING FOR CHANGES IN BETWEEN-GROUP INEQUALITY
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
Ariel Burstein;Eduardo Morales;Jonathan Vogel
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作者：
Ariel Burstein;Eduardo Morales;Jonathan Vogel
我们对 1984 年至 2003 年间观察到的美国群体间不平等的变化进行了定量分析。我们使用包含许多劳动力群体、设备类型和职业的分配框架，其中不平等的变化是由劳动力构成、职业需求、计算机化和劳动生产率的变化引起的。我们使用劳动力群体-职业对中计算机使用的直接测量来参数化我们的模型，并量化每次冲击对群体间不平等的各种测量的影响。例如，我们发现，计算机化和职业需求变化的结合约占技能溢价上涨的 80%，其中仅计算机化就约占 60%。我们从理论上展示了国际贸易如何引起计算机化和职业需求的变化，并量化计算机贸易对美国不平等的影响。 Ariel Burstein 经济系 Bunche Hall 8365 Box 951477 UCLA Los Angeles, CA 90095-1477 和 NBER arielb@econ.ucla.edu Eduardo Morales 经济系 普林斯顿大学 310 Fisher Hall Princeton, NJ 08544 和 NBER ecmorales@princeton.edu Jonathan Vogel 哥伦比亚大学 经济系 420 West 118th Street New York, NY 10027 和 NBER jvogel@columbia.edu
We perform a quantitative analysis of observed changes in U.S. between-group inequality between 1984 and 2003. We use an assignment framework with many labor groups, equipment types, and occupations in which changes in inequality are caused by changes in workforce composition, occupation demand, computerization, and labor productivity. We parameterize our model using direct measures of computer usage within labor group-occupation pairs and quantify the impact of each shock for various measures of between-group inequality. We find, for instance, that the combination of computerization and shifts in occupation demand account for roughly 80% of the rise in the skill premium, with computerization alone accounting for roughly 60%. We show theoretically how computerization and changes in occupation demand may be caused by international trade and quantify the impact of trade in computers on U.S. inequality. Ariel Burstein Department of Economics Bunche Hall 8365 Box 951477 UCLA Los Angeles, CA 90095-1477 and NBER arielb@econ.ucla.edu Eduardo Morales Department of Economics Princeton University 310 Fisher Hall Princeton, NJ 08544 and NBER ecmorales@princeton.edu Jonathan Vogel Department of Economics Columbia University 420 West 118th Street New York, NY 10027 and NBER jvogel@columbia.edu