Representational momentum for the human body: awkwardness matters, experience does not.
Representational momentum for the human body: awkwardness matters, experience does not.
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人体的代表性动量：尴尬很重要，经验并不重要。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2010.05.006
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Emmorey,Karen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wilson,Margaret;Lancaster,Jessy;Emmorey,Karen
对人体的感知似乎涉及预测模拟，该模拟向前投射以跟踪展开的身体运动事件。在这里，我们使用表征动量（RM）来研究学习的任意身体运动系统（例如手语）的隐性知识是否会影响这一预测过程，以及这与生物力学的隐性知识相比如何。实验 1 显示，手语正确方向上的 RM 刺激比相反方向上的 RM 更大，但出乎意料的是，这对于非手语者和手语者都适用。实验 2 支持该结果的两种生物力学解释（向下运动的影响，以及模型实际执行运动的方向的影响），实验 3 和 4 发现，当控制这些因素时，手语者的 RM 没有残留增强。事实上，令人惊讶的是，我们发现了相反的情况：签名者的签名 RM 减少了。实验5通过测试在一个方向上容易执行但在相反方向上很笨拙的手臂运动来验证生物力学知识的效果，并发现容易的方向有更大的RM。我们的结论是，虽然感知预测是由生物力学的隐性知识（尴尬效应）塑造的，但令人惊讶的是，它对从习得的运动模式中得出的期望不敏感。结果根据镜子系统的最新发现进行了讨论。
Perception of the human body appears to involve predictive simulations that project forward to track unfolding body-motion events. Here we use representational momentum (RM) to investigate whether implicit knowledge of a learned arbitrary system of body movement such as sign language influences this prediction process, and how this compares to implicit knowledge of biomechanics. Experiment 1 showed greater RM for sign language stimuli in the correct direction of the sign than in the reverse direction, but unexpectedly this held true for non-signers as well as signers. Experiment 2 supported two biomechanical explanations for this result (an effect of downward movement, and an effect of the direction that the movement had actually been performed by the model), and Experiments 3 and 4 found no residual enhancement of RM in signers when these factors were controlled. In fact, surprisingly, the opposite was found: signers showed reduced RM for signs. Experiment 5 verified the effect of biomechanical knowledge by testing arm movements that are easy to perform in one direction but awkward in the reverse direction, and found greater RM for the easy direction. We conclude that while perceptual prediction is shaped by implicit knowledge of biomechanics (the awkwardness effect), it is surprisingly insensitive to expectations derived from learned movement patterns. Results are discussed in terms of recent findings on the mirror system.