Discrimination, competitiveness, and support in US graduate student mental health
Discrimination, competitiveness, and support in US graduate student mental health
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DOI：
10.1108/sgpe-07-2020-0042
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Posselt, Julie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Posselt, Julie
焦虑和抑郁的上升率以及这些条件的不同成本表明，显然需要创造一个学习环境，使研究生和专业学生更容易茁壮成长。然而，研究生教育中缺乏关于心理健康的多机构，多学科证据，这模糊了哪些人群，背景和社会动态值得重点关注和资源的清晰画面。因此，本研究的目的是分析患病率和风险因素与焦虑和抑郁症之间的大样本的研究生，特别注意如何研究生教育环境和相互作用可能与心理health.Design/方法/approachThis的第一个多机构，多学科分析抑郁症和焦虑症之间的美国研究生和专业学生。本文以69所高校的20,888名大学生为研究对象，采用分层聚类模型对不同学科的抑郁和焦虑患病率进行了比较。然后，使用一个概念框架，连接社会支持，角色紧张和自我决定理论，作者估计固定效应多元逻辑回归来衡量抑郁和焦虑如何与经历种族歧视，朋友和家人的支持，在一个人的类感知竞争力，研究发现，经常遭受种族歧视的研究生有可能在抑郁和焦虑方面呈阳性这两个数字分别是从未受到歧视的人的2.3倍和3.0倍。来自家人和朋友的支持缓和了这些关系，而感知到的竞争加剧了这些关系。LGBTQ学生和自我报告财务状况困难或紧张的学生也有更高的抑郁和焦虑几率。学生在人文，艺术和建筑有显着较高的患病率抑郁症和焦虑比样本作为一个整体。Originality/valueThe文件提供了最广泛的证据基础，迄今为止的模式，通常经历在个人层面上或分析机构的机构和字段。具体而言，作者确定了社会动态，研究领域和人群，特别需要关注福祉。概念框架和多元结果澄清了研究生心理健康的组织和个人因素如何通过与同龄人，教师，家人和朋友的竞争，歧视或支持性互动交织在一起。研究结果澄清了需要认识的背景和互动，研究生的经验，以及与学生的福祉相关的个人因素。
PurposeRising rates of anxiety and depression and the varied costs of these conditions indicate a clear need to create learning environments in which graduate and professional students can more readily thrive. However, the absence of multi-institutional, multi-disciplinary evidence about mental health in graduate education has obscured a clear picture of which populations, contexts and social dynamics merit focused attention and resources. The purpose of this study is therefore to analyze prevalence and risk factors associated with anxiety and depression among a large sample of graduate students, with special attention to how graduate education environments and interactions may be associated with mental health.Design/methodology/approachThis paper offers the first multi-institutional, multi-disciplinary analysis of depression and anxiety among US graduate and professional students. Using a sample of 20,888 students randomly sampled within 69 universities, the author compares depression and anxiety prevalence among fields of study with hierarchical cluster modeling. Then, using a conceptual framework that links social support, role strain and self-determination theories, the author estimates fixed effects multivariate logistic regressions to measure how depression and anxiety are associated with experiencing racial discrimination, support from friends and family, perceived competitiveness in one's classes, and comfort speaking with one's professors about mental health.FindingsGraduate students who endure frequent racial discrimination have odds of screening positive for depression and anxiety that are 2.3 and 3.0 times higher, respectively, than those who never experience discrimination. Support from family and friends moderates these relationships and perceived competitiveness exacerbates them. LGBTQ students and students who self-report that finances are a struggle or tight also have higher odds of depression and anxiety. Students in the humanities, arts and architecture have significantly higher prevalence of depression and anxiety than the sample as a whole.Originality/valueThe paper offers broadest base of evidence to date about patterns that are usually experienced at the individual level or analyzed institution-by-institution and field-by-field. Specifically, the author identified social dynamics, fields of study and populations where attention to wellbeing may be especially warranted. The conceptual framework and multivariate results clarify how organizational and individual factors in graduate students' mental health may be intertwined through competitive, discriminatory, or supportive interactions with peers, faculty, family and friends. Findings clarify a need for awareness of the contexts and interactions that graduate students experience as well as individual factors that are associated with student wellbeing.