Speech Volume Indexes Sex Differences in the Social-Emotional Effects of Alcohol
Speech Volume Indexes Sex Differences in the Social-Emotional Effects of Alcohol
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DOI：
10.1037/pha0000021
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Girard, Jeffrey M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fairbairn, Catharine E.;Sayette, Michael A.;Girard, Jeffrey M.
男性和女性在酒精使用障碍（AUD）的发病率方面存在显着差异，研究人员长期以来一直对确定男性易受问题饮酒影响的机制感兴趣。调查表明，社会进程的基础上的性别差异的饮酒模式，与男性报告更大的社会增强酒精比女性，和所有男性的社会饮酒环境与特别高的危险饮酒率。但是，迄今为止，还缺乏实验证据证明性别对酒精的社会情绪反应存在差异。使用更大的样本量，社会背景和更敏感的措施，酒精的奖励效果的研究可能是必要的，以更好地了解在AUD的病因性别差异。这项研究探讨了社会交流中酒精对说话量的急性影响，这是一种在群体水平上可靠地捕获的社会情感体验的客观衡量标准。社交饮酒者（360名男性; 360名女性）饮酒（0.82 g/kg男性; 0.74 g/kg女性），安慰剂或无酒精对照饮料，每组3人，超过36分钟。在3种饮料条件下，相同数量的组包括所有男性，所有女性，2名女性和1名男性，1名女性和2名男性。在整个饮酒期间持续监测言语音量，并且组音量成为自我报告和社会奖励面部指数的强相关性。值得注意的是，在所有雄性动物组中选择性观察到组体积的酒精相关增加，但在含有任何雌性动物的组中未观察到。结果指出，社会增强作为一个有前途的研究方向，探索潜在的因素，性别差异的问题饮酒。
Men and women differ dramatically in their rates of alcohol use disorder (AUD), and researchers have long been interested in identifying mechanisms underlying male vulnerability to problem drinking. Surveys suggest that social processes underlie sex differences in drinking patterns, with men reporting greater social enhancement from alcohol than women, and all-male social drinking contexts being associated with particularly high rates of hazardous drinking. But experimental evidence for sex differences in social-emotional response to alcohol has heretofore been lacking. Research using larger sample sizes, a social context, and more sensitive measures of alcohol's rewarding effects may be necessary to better understand sex differences in the etiology of AUD. This study explored the acute effects of alcohol during social exchange on speech volume-an objective measure of social-emotional experience that was reliably captured at the group level. Social drinkers (360 male; 360 female) consumed alcohol (.82 g/kg males;.74 g/kg females), placebo, or a no-alcohol control beverage in groups of 3 over 36-min. Within each of the 3 beverage conditions, equal numbers of groups consisted of all males, all females, 2 females and 1 male, and 1 female and 2 males. Speech volume was monitored continuously throughout the drink period, and group volume emerged as a robust correlate of self-report and facial indexes of social reward. Notably, alcohol-related increases in group volume were observed selectively in all-male groups but not in groups containing any females. Results point to social enhancement as a promising direction for research exploring factors underlying sex differences in problem drinking.