Antisemitism on Twitter: Collective Efficacy and the Role of Community Organisations in Challenging Online Hate Speech
Antisemitism on Twitter: Collective Efficacy and the Role of Community Organisations in Challenging Online Hate Speech
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DOI：
10.1177/2056305120916850
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Mostafa, Mohamed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ozalp, Sefa;Williams, Matthew L.;Mostafa, Mohamed
在本文中，我们对2015年10月至2016年10月期间英国用户在Twitter上发布的与犹太身份有关的在线敌对内容进行了全面研究。我们训练了一个可扩展的监督机器学习分类器来识别反犹太内容，以揭示在线反犹太主义犯罪的模式。我们建立了统计模型来分析抑制和使能因素的大小（转发的数量）和生存（转发的持续时间）的信息流，除了生产的在线对抗性内容。尽管观察到高的时间变异性，我们发现，只有一小部分（0.7%）的内容是拮抗。我们还发现，拮抗性内容不太可能在大小上传播或存活较长时间。Twitter上来自反犹代理人的信息流获得的吸引力较小，而来自有能力和意愿的反言论行为者（即犹太组织）的信息流则具有更高的规模和生存率。这项研究首次证明了桑普森的经典社会学集体效能概念可以在社交媒体（SM）上观察到。我们的研究结果表明，当旨在对抗有害叙述的组织在SM平台上变得活跃时，他们的信息传播得更远，比对抗性信息的寿命更长。关于SM，可信、有能力和有意愿的行为者发表的反言论可以是防止有害言论的有效措施。根据我们的调查结果，我们强调了社区组织在减少网络仇恨传播和增加对SM平台信任方面的工作价值。
In this article, we conduct a comprehensive study of online antagonistic content related to Jewish identity posted on Twitter between October 2015 and October 2016 by UK-based users. We trained a scalable supervised machine learning classifier to identify antisemitic content to reveal patterns of online antisemitism perpetration at the source. We built statistical models to analyze the inhibiting and enabling factors of the size (number of retweets) and survival (duration of retweets) of information flows in addition to the production of online antagonistic content. Despite observing high temporal variability, we found that only a small proportion (0.7%) of the content was antagonistic. We also found that antagonistic content was less likely to disseminate in size or survive for a longer period. Information flows from antisemitic agents on Twitter gained less traction, while information flows emanating from capable and willing counter-speech actors-that is, Jewish organizations-had a significantly higher size and survival rates. This study is the first to demonstrate that Sampson's classic sociological concept of collective efficacy can be observed on social media (SM). Our findings suggest that when organizations aiming to counter harmful narratives become active on SM platforms, their messages propagate further and achieve greater longevity than antagonistic messages. On SM, counter-speech posted by credible, capable and willing actors can be an effective measure to prevent harmful narratives. Based on our findings, we underline the value of the work by community organizations in reducing the propagation of cyberhate and increasing trust in SM platforms.