The effects of object orientation and object type on children's interpretation of the word big.
The effects of object orientation and object type on children's interpretation of the word big.
复制标题
物体取向和物体类型对儿童对“大”这个词的解释的影响。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1989.tb02722.x
复制
发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Gelman,SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coley,JD;Gelman,SA
先前的研究表明，学龄前儿童对“大”的解释有持续的困难：4-5岁的孩子通常会将“大”解释为“高”，而3岁的孩子则无法使用任何一致的解释。我们认为，儿童的解释可能会有所不同，这取决于2个语境因素：对象的类型和对象的方向。40名儿童（3岁和5岁）每人看到35对物品，并要求每对物品指出“大的”。对象的类型是不同的，显示每个孩子3种对象：“人”，“布朗尼”和矩形。通过呈现垂直于桌面站立（垂直条件）或平放在桌面上（水平条件）的对象来改变对象的方向。年龄较大的儿童比年龄较小的儿童更依赖于身高，所有受试者在水平条件下比在垂直条件下更经常依赖于面积，3岁的儿童在判断人的大小时更多地依赖于身高，而不是大小匹配的矩形。综上所述，这些结果表明，环境因素明显影响儿童的反应。这些结果表明，在语义发展过程中，认知因素和语义因素相互作用。
Previous research indicates that preschool children have persistent difficulty interpreting big: 4-5-year-olds typically interpret big to mean tall, and 3-year-olds fail to use any consistent interpretation. We propose that children's interpretation may vary depending on 2 contextual factors: type of object and orientation of object. 40 children (ages 3 and 5) each saw 35 pairs of items and, for each pair, were asked to point to "the big one." Type of object was varied by showing each child 3 kinds of objects: "people," "brownies," and rectangles. Orientation of object was varied by presenting objects either standing perpendicular to the tabletop (vertical condition) or lying flat on the tabletop (horizontal condition). Older children relied on height more consistently than younger children, all subjects relied on area more often in the horizontal condition than in the vertical condition, and 3-year-olds relied on height more when judging the bigness of people than of rectangles matched for size. Taken together, these results demonstrate that contextual factors clearly influence children's responses. These results demonstrate the interplay of cognitive and semantic factors in the process of semantic development.