Stream specificity and asymmetries in feature binding and content-addressable access in visual encoding and memory
Stream specificity and asymmetries in feature binding and content-addressable access in visual encoding and memory
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DOI：
10.1167/15.13.14
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Oegmen, Haluk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huynh, Duong L.;Tripathy, Srimant P.;Oegmen, Haluk
人类记忆是内容可寻址的，即可以使用有关所存储项目的绑定特征的部分信息来访问存储器的内容。在这项研究中，我们使用跨特征提示技术来检查人类视觉系统如何编码、绑定和保留一组移动物体内多个刺激特征的信息。我们试图描述三个不同特征（位置、颜色和运动方向，后两个特征分别在腹侧和背侧视觉流中优先处理）在对象表示的构建和维护中的作用。我们研究了这些特征在以下处理阶段结合在一起的程度：刺激编码、感觉（标志性）记忆和视觉短期记忆。尽管这里检查的所有功能都可以作为解决内容的线索，但它们的有效性表现出不对称性，并且根据线索-报告配对以及信息处理和存储的阶段而变化。基于位置的索引理论预测，与其他特征相比，位置作为提示应该更有效。虽然我们发现位置在刺激编码阶段作为线索具有特殊作用，但在感觉和视觉短期记忆阶段位置并不是特殊线索。相反，我们的发现中出现的模式反映了视觉系统中的并行处理流。这种特定于流的绑定和提示有效性体现在此处检查的信息处理的所有三个阶段中。最后，我们发现我们之前的研究中提出的漏瓶模型适用于所有三个特征。
Human memory is content addressable-i.e., contents of the memory can be accessed using partial information about the bound features of a stored item. In this study, we used a cross-feature cuing technique to examine how the human visual system encodes, binds, and retains information about multiple stimulus features within a set of moving objects. We sought to characterize the roles of three different features (position, color, and direction of motion, the latter two of which are processed preferentially within the ventral and dorsal visual streams, respectively) in the construction and maintenance of object representations. We investigated the extent to which these features are bound together across the following processing stages: during stimulus encoding, sensory (iconic) memory, and visual short-term memory. Whereas all features examined here can serve as cues for addressing content, their effectiveness shows asymmetries and varies according to cue-report pairings and the stage of information processing and storage. Position-based indexing theories predict that position should be more effective as a cue compared to other features. While we found a privileged role for position as a cue at the stimulus-encoding stage, position was not the privileged cue at the sensory and visual short-term memory stages. Instead, the pattern that emerged from our findings is one that mirrors the parallel processing streams in the visual system. This stream-specific binding and cuing effectiveness manifests itself in all three stages of information processing examined here. Finally, we find that the Leaky Flask model proposed in our previous study is applicable to all three features.