The continuing spread of West Nile virus in the Western Hemisphere
The continuing spread of West Nile virus in the Western Hemisphere
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DOI：
10.1086/521911
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发表时间：
2007-10-15
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Gubler, Duane J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gubler, Duane J.
西尼罗河病毒（WNV）在历史上被认为是黄病毒科黄病毒属的日本血清群病毒中毒性最小的。然而，最近与严重和致命的神经侵袭性疾病相关的流行病改变了这种看法。1990年代初，一种具有更大流行潜力和毒力的病毒亚型的出现促进了西尼罗河病毒的地理扩张和向西传播; 1999年，它首次出现在西半球。由于广泛的宿主和媒介范围，该病毒已在该地区大部分地区定居，被消灭的可能性很小。传播难以预测，更难以防控。人类西尼罗河病毒疫苗的成本效益是不确定的。在西尼罗河病毒流行国家建立实验室诊断、流行病学和病媒控制能力，对于制定有效预防和控制西尼罗河病毒感染以及其他潜在的新出现的病媒病毒性疾病的战略至关重要。
West Nile virus (WNV) has historically been considered to be among the least virulent of the Japanese serogroup viruses of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. However, recent epidemics associated with severe and fatal neuroinvasive disease have changed that perception. The emergence of a virus subtype with greater epidemic potential and virulence in the early 1990s facilitated the geographic expansion and westward spread of WNV; in 1999, it first appeared in the western hemisphere. Because of the broad host and vector range, the virus has become established in much of the region, and there is little chance that it will be eliminated. Transmission is difficult to predict and even more difficult to prevent and control. The cost-effectiveness of human WNV vaccines is uncertain. The building of laboratory diagnostic, epidemiologic, and vector-control capacity in WNV-enzootic countries is critical to the development of effective prevention and control strategies for WNV infection, as well as for other potential emerging vectorborne viral diseases.