PERCEIVING AFFORDANCES - VISUAL GUIDANCE OF STAIR CLIMBING
PERCEIVING AFFORDANCES - VISUAL GUIDANCE OF STAIR CLIMBING
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.10.5.683
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
WARREN, WH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
WARREN, WH
以54名男大学生为被试，通过三个实验探讨了爬楼梯视觉引导中的“示能性”。可供性被定义为具有一定动作能力的动物对物体的功能效用。实验一检验了一个假设，即可爬和不可爬的树之间的感知类别边界对应于临界立管高度。24名学生被分为矮个子组（平均身高5英尺4.4英寸）和高个子组（平均身高6英尺2.7英寸）。结果表明，两组人都认为楼梯在上升高度与他们的腿长成比例。实验二，进行了6名男大学生，经验性地确定了最佳的上升高度，通过测量攀登过程中的能量消耗。结果表明，立管高度需要最小的能量消耗刚刚超过四分之一的腿长短（平均高度5英尺3.2英寸）和高（平均高度6英尺4.3英寸）登山者。实验三，进行了24个SS，测试的假设，即知觉偏好的立管高度将对应于实验二中获得的最佳立管高度。它的结论是，知觉控制的行动反映了潜在的动态的动物环境系统。(90参考）（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
Three experiments investigated" affordances" in visual guidance of stair climbing with 54 male college students. An affordance was defined as the functional utility of an object for an animal with certain action capabilities. Exp I tested the hypothesis that the perceptual category boundary between climbable and unclimbable risers corresponds to critical riser height. 24 Ss were divided into a short group (mean height 5 ft 4.4 in) and a tall group (mean height 6 ft 2.7 in). The results demonstrate that both groups judged stairways as unclimbable at a riser height in proportion to their leg lengths. Exp II, conducted with 6 male college students, empirically determined the optimal riser height by measuring energy expenditure during climbing. Results indicate that the riser height requiring minimum energy expenditure was just over one-fourth of leg length for both short (mean height 5 ft 3.2 in) and tall (mean height 6 ft 4.3 in) climbers. Exp III, conducted with 24 Ss, tested the hypothesis that perceptual preference for riser height would correspond to the optimal riser height obtained in Exp II. It is concluded that perception for the control of action reflects the underlying dynamics of the animal–environment system.(90 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)