Do women change their health behaviours in pregnancy? Findings from the Southampton Women's Survey
Do women change their health behaviours in pregnancy? Findings from the Southampton Women's Survey
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3016.2009.01036.x
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Inskip, Hazel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crozier, Sarah R.;Robinson, Sian M.;Inskip, Hazel M.
女性在怀孕前和怀孕期间的生活方式选择对其未出生的孩子具有重要影响，但回顾性收集数据时，行为信息可能不可靠。特别是，没有大型纵向数据集包含怀孕前前瞻性收集的信息，以便准确描述怀孕期间的行为变化。南安普敦妇女调查是一项针对英国南安普敦妇女的纵向研究，以未怀孕和怀孕期间为特征。本文分析的目的是描述女性在怀孕前和怀孕期间遵守饮食和生活方式建议的程度，以及这些时间点之间的变化。这些分析基于 1998 年至 2003 年间分娩的 1490 名妇女，她们在怀孕前以及怀孕 11 周和 34 周时提供了信息。在每个时间点，训练有素的研究护士都会确定吸烟状况，并使用食物频率问卷评估食物和饮料的消耗量。我们得出了遵守不吸烟、每天吃五份水果和蔬菜、每周饮酒不超过四个单位的酒精和每天不超过 300 毫克咖啡因的建议的女性比例。女性怀孕后吸烟量显着减少：怀孕前 27% 的女性吸烟，而怀孕早期这一比例为 15%。同样，酒精消耗量和含咖啡因饮料的摄入量也显着减少：怀孕前，54% 的女性每周饮用超过 4 个单位的酒精，39% 的女性估计每天饮料中咖啡因的摄入量超过 300 毫克，而怀孕早期的可比数字分别为 10% 和 16%。然而，水果和蔬菜的摄入量几乎没有变化；未达到每周至少吃五份水果和蔬菜建议的女性比例在怀孕前为 47%，在怀孕早期为 46%。年轻女性和教育程度较低的女性不太可能遵守公共卫生建议。总体而言，81% 的早期妊娠女性至少遵守了其中三项建议。尽管有令人鼓舞的证据表明怀孕期间的健康行为发生了变化，但年轻女性和教育程度较低的女性可能特别受益于有针对性的健康举措。
A woman's life style choices before and during pregnancy have important implications for her unborn child, but information on behaviour can be unreliable when data are collected retrospectively. In particular there are no large longitudinal datasets that include information collected prospectively before pregnancy to allow accurate description of changes in behaviour into pregnancy. The Southampton Women's Survey is a longitudinal study of women in Southampton, UK, characterised when they were not pregnant and again during pregnancy. The objective of the analyses presented here is to describe the degree to which women comply with diet and life style recommendations before and during pregnancy, and changes between these time points. The analyses are based on 1490 women who delivered between 1998 and 2003 and who provided information before pregnancy and at 11 and 34 weeks' gestation. At each time point a trained research nurse ascertained smoking status and assessed food and drink consumption using a food frequency questionnaire. We derived the proportions of women who complied with recommendations not to smoke, to eat five portions of fruit and vegetables per day and to drink no more than four units of alcohol per week and 300 mg of caffeine per day.There was a notable reduction in smoking when women became pregnant: before pregnancy 27% of women smoked, whereas in early pregnancy 15% smoked. Similarly there were significant reductions in alcohol consumption and intake of caffeinated drinks: before pregnancy 54% of women drank more than four units of alcohol per week and 39% had estimated intakes of caffeine in drinks of > 300 mg per day, whereas comparable figures for early pregnancy were 10% and 16% respectively. However, there was little change in fruit and vegetable intake; the percentages of women who did not achieve the recommendation to eat at least five portions of fruit and vegetables per week were 47% before pregnancy and 46% in early pregnancy. Younger women and those with fewer educational qualifications were less likely to comply with public health recommendations. Overall, 81% of women in early pregnancy complied with at least three of the recommendations. Although there is encouraging evidence of changed health behaviours in pregnancy, young women and those with few educational qualifications may particularly benefit from targeted health initiatives.