Speechreading in the akinetopsic patient, L.M.
Speechreading in the akinetopsic patient, L.M.
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/120.10.1793
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发表时间：
1997-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
Cohen, MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell, R;Zihl, J;Cohen, MM
患者L.M.在双侧V5区（视觉运动皮层）损伤后，在视觉运动感知方面存在有据可查的长期和严重缺陷。在这个病人的言语阅读进行了探讨，以澄清在何种程度上从面部动作的动态信息的提取是必要的言语阅读。自从LM能够从全身形式的点光显示中识别生物运动，并且具有一些有限的视觉运动能力，我们期望在该患者中可以进行一些言语阅读擦除。LM。的自然语音的阅读严重受损，尽管从面部照片中识别语音模式的能力未受损，并且对孤立产生的单音节进行合理识别。她无法可靠地追踪多音节的话语，当不一致的视听语音音节显示时，她对视觉不敏感。点光源显示的语音和整张脸显示的语音一样难以辨认。表达的速度对她的表现至关重要。与其他视觉事件一样，包括跟踪注视方向和手部运动序列，她可以报告缓慢展开的动作（类似于每2秒一个事件）。与此一致，她不善于报告所见的语速是否正常、快（倍速）或慢（半速）。LM。的衰弱与主要病变至V4（H.J.A.）的患者报告的衰弱匡威，他不能读脸的照片，但能读动的脸。形式和运动的视觉分析是需要speechreading的神经系统，支持这些分析进行了讨论。
Patient L.M. has a well-documented, long-standing and profound deficit in the perception of visual movement, following bilateral lesions of area V5 (visual movement cortex). Speechreading was explored in this patient in order to clarify the extent to which the extraction of dynamic information from facial actions is necessary for speechreading. Since L.M. is able to identify biological motion from point-light displays of whole-body forms and has some limited visual motion capabilities, we expected that some speechreading effaces in action would be possible in this patient. LM.'s reading of natural speech was severely impaired, despite unimpaired ability to recognize speech-patterns from face photographs and reasonable identification of monosyllables produced in isolation. She was unable to track multisyllabic utterances reliably and was insensitive to vision when incongruent audiovisual speech syllables were shown. Point-light displays of speech were as poorly read as whole face displays. Rate of presentation was critical to her performance. With speech, as with other visual events, including tracking the direction of gaze and of hand-movement sequences, she could report actions that unfolded slowly (similar to one event per 2 s). In line with this, she was poor at reporting whether seen speech rate was normal, fast (double-speed) or slow (half-speed). LM.'s debility is the converse of that reported for a patient with lesions primarily to V4 (H.J.A.), who is unable to speechread photographs of faces but can speechread moving faces. The visual analysis of both form and motion is required for speechreading; the neural systems that support these analyses are discussed.