The POSIX family of standards
The POSIX family of standards
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POSIX 标准系列
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
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通讯作者：
Stephen R. Walli
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文献类型：
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作者：
Stephen R. Walli
尽管有着悠久的历史，POSIX 仍然受到范围误解、负面报道和明显缺乏使用的困扰。然而，当 POSIX 被视为程序员的规范并给出使用特定 POSIX 标准的简单解释时，就会出现截然不同的情况，并且可以将不良认知的本质放在上下文中。 OSIX 是支持可移植编程的 IEEE 标准系列。实际上，POSIX 旗下有 20 多个标准和草案文档，处于标准开发过程的不同阶段。在本文中，每项工作都将被称为“POSIX.n”，其中“n”表示文档或其工作组，并且将提供足够的其他上下文来识别正在讨论的工作。如果该文件是完整的正式标准，将引用其官方编号。官方数字类似于“IEEE Std 1003.n-yyyy”，其中 1003 是 IEEE POSIX 项目，“n”表示文档，“yyyy”是标准完成或最后修订的年份。 “POSIX”这个术语确实相当模糊，这可能导致了标准的混乱。对于某些人来说，它是 POSIX.1 系统接口标准；对于某些人来说，它是 POSIX.1 系统接口标准。对于其他人来说，它是 POSIX.1 标准加上 POSIX.2 shell 和实用程序标准。从 IEEE 标准管理部门的角度来看，POSIX 是整个工作主体、草案文件、标准、工作组等等。第一个标准 POSIX.1 (IEEE Std 1003.1-1990) 定义了操作系统服务的 C 语言接口。 POSIX.1 标准最好地描述了它自己的范围：
Despite its history, POSIX still suffers from a misunderstood scope, bad press, and an apparent lack of use. However, when POSIX is viewed as a programmer’s specification and simple explanations for using specific POSIX standards are given, a very different picture emerges, and the nature of the poor perceptions can be placed in context. OSIX is a family of IEEE standards that supports portable programming. There are actually more than 20 standards and draft documents under the POSIX umbrella, at different stages in the standards development process. In this article each piece of work will be referred to as “POSIX.n,” with “n” denoting the document or its working group, and enough other context will be given to identify the work being discussed. If the document is a completed formal standard, its official number will be cited. Official numbers look like “IEEE Std 1003.n-yyyy,” where 1003 is the IEEE POSIX project, “n” denotes the document, and “yyyy” is the year the standard was completed or last amended. The term “POSIX” is really quite vague, which probably contributes to the confusion surrounding the standards. To some it’s the POSIX.1 system interface standard; to others it’s the POSIX.1 standard plus the POSIX.2 shell and utilities standard. From the IEEE standards administration’s point of view, POSIX is the entire body of work, draft documents, standards, working groups and all. The first standard, POSIX.1 (IEEE Std 1003.1-1990), defines the C language interface to operating system services. The POSIX.1 standard describes its own scope best: