The Ultra-Structural Similarities between Cryptosporidium parvum and the Gregarines
The Ultra-Structural Similarities between Cryptosporidium parvum and the Gregarines
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DOI：
10.1111/jeu.12250
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Karanis, Panagiotis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aldeyarbi, Hebatalla M.;Karanis, Panagiotis
使用透射电子显微镜为基础的方法，本研究详细介绍了显着的相似性隐孢子虫parvum和gregarines在体外无菌发展过程中，在高的超微结构分辨率。C.小孢子虫在单核寄生虫中显示出三个不寻常的区域：表粒体样、原粒体样和细胞体;这些区域表现出与gregarine样滋养体高度的形态相似性。培养2 h后，观察到游离卵圆形gregarine样子孢子侧面存在粘粒样凸起结构。培养后24 h，寄生虫表面出现不规则的胞膜样褶皱。一些细胞外阶段配对在laterocaudal或侧侧syzygy，与这些zoites之间的一些融合区的存在。目前的研究结果是一致的系统发育研究，提出了一个姐妹关系与gregarines。隐孢子虫似乎表现出巨大的变化，细胞结构取决于周围的环境，从而模仿“原始”gregarines在寄生虫和他们的环境之间的共同进化策略。考虑到这种相似程度，需要研究隐孢子虫进化生物学的不同方面，考虑到从研究gregarines中获得的知识。
Using a transmission electron microscopy-based approach, this study details the striking similarities between Cryptosporidium parvum and the gregarines during in vitro axenic development at high ultra-structural resolution. C. parvum zoites displayed three unusual regions within uninucleated parasites: epimerite-like, protomerite-like, and the cell body; these regions exhibited a high degree of morphological similarity to gregarine-like trophozoites. The presence of a mucron-like bulging structure at the side of the free ovoid gregarine-like zoites was observed after 2 h of cultivation. An irregular pattern of epicytic-like folds were found to cover the surface of the parasites 24 h postcultivation. Some extracellular stages were paired in laterocaudal or side-side syzygy, with the presence of a fusion zone between some of these zoites. The present findings are in agreement with phylogenetic studies that have proposed a sister relationship with gregarines. Cryptosporidium appears to exhibit tremendous variety in cell structure depending on the surrounding environment, thereby mimicking the "primitive" gregarines in terms of the co-evolution strategy between the parasites and their environments. Given this degree of similarity, different aspects of the evolutionary biology of Cryptosporidium need to be examined, considering the knowledge gained from the study of gregarines.