PANIC DISORDER - A PRODUCT OF CLASSICAL-CONDITIONING
PANIC DISORDER - A PRODUCT OF CLASSICAL-CONDITIONING
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DOI：
10.1016/0005-7967(88)90138-6
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发表时间：
1988-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
ROWAN, VC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
WOLPE, J;ROWAN, VC
与所有惊恐发作都有单一病因的普遍观点相反，它表明必须区分有许多原因的初始发作和有共同基础的复发性发作（惊恐障碍）。大多数最初的惊恐发作是由于严重和长期的焦虑引起的过度通气的生理效应。据称，这些发作是由于呼吸困难、心动过速和头晕等症状被误认为是致命疾病或初期精神错乱。我们基于几个理由拒绝这种观点，特别是因为一项初步研究表明，这种归因是在恐慌发作之后。除了一些生物学上的例子外，常见的初始恐慌是对过度换气产生的奇异刺激复合体的无条件反应，而恐慌症是连续刺激，特别是内源性刺激，对引发的焦虑产生条件反射的结果。治疗符合调理原则。
Contrary to the common view that all panic attacks have a single etiology, it is shown that a distinction must be made between initial attacks, for which there are many causes, and recurrent attacks (panic disorder) which have a common basis. Most initial panic attacks are attributable to the physiological effects of hyperventilation resulting from severe and prolonged anxiety. It has been claimed that the attacks are due to such symptoms as dyspnea, tachycardia and dizziness being misattributed to deadly illness or incipient insanity. We reject this view on several grounds, and in particular because of a pilot study that showed that such attributionsfollowthe onset of panic. Apart from some biological cases, the common initial panic is an unconditioned response to a bizarre stimulus complex produced by excessive hyperventilation, and panic disorder is the result of contiguous stimuli, especially endogenous stimuli, being conditioned to the elicited anxiety. Treatment accords with principles of conditioning.