Semiconductor quantum dots as biological imaging agents
Semiconductor quantum dots as biological imaging agents
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.200301758
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Green, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, M
高质量的溶液生长纳米材料的出现，可以作为一种典型的试剂进行操作，同时仍然保持其光致发光特性，允许新的应用，特别是在生物学中。有机化学为稳定、单分散、高发射性的纳米材料（如CdSe）提供了合成途径，这些材料可以进一步用ZnS壳封端以使表面电子钝化。正确选择结构、封端剂和生长温度可以得到量子产率高达90%的材料。通过可见光谱调谐发射的颜色可以通过在生长期间改变颗粒尺寸来常规地实现。发射轮廓可以通过选择性沉淀过程缩小，确保在荧光应用期间没有信号的交叉耦合。许多颜色可以由单个源激发，从而允许多路复用（从单个激发源获得多个数据流），并且与传统染料不同，这些材料具有极高的光稳定性。长的发光寿命允许活细胞成像而不受背景自发荧光的干扰。
The advent of high-quality, solutiongrown nanomaterials that may be manipulated as a typical reagent whilst still maintaining their photoluminescent properties has allowed new applications, notably in biology. Organometallic chemistry has provided synthetic pathways to robust, monodispersed, highly emissive nanomaterials, such as CdSe, which can be further capped with a shell of ZnS to electronically passify the surface. The correct choice of structure, capping agent, and growth temperature can yield materials with quantum yields as high as 90%. Tuning the color of emission through the visible spectrum can be routinely achieved by altering the particle size during growth. The emission profile can be narrowed by selective precipitation procedures, ensuring no cross-coupling of signals during multicolor applications. Numerous colors can be excited by a single source, allowing for multiplexing (obtaining multiple streams of data from a single excition source), and the materials are extremely photostable, unlike conventional dyes. The long luminescent life times allow imaging of living cells without interference from background autofluorescence.