Audiovisual speech integration does not rely on the motor system: evidence from articulatory suppression, the McGurk effect, and fMRI.
Audiovisual speech integration does not rely on the motor system: evidence from articulatory suppression, the McGurk effect, and fMRI.
复制标题
视听语音整合不依赖于运动系统：来自发音抑制、麦格克效应和功能磁共振成像的证据。
DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_00515
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Hickok,Gregory
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matchin,William;Groulx,Kier;Hickok,Gregory
视觉言语影响听觉言语的感知。一个经典的例子是麦格克效应，即听觉的/pa/叠加在视觉的/ka/上，诱导出/ta/的融合感受。最近的行为和神经影像学研究强调了发音表征和大脑运动语言区域，特别是布罗卡区，在视听（AV）语音整合的重要性。或者，AV语音整合可以通过感觉系统通过后STS中的多感觉整合来完成。我们在两个实验中评估了关于运动系统参与AV整合的声明：（i）检查发音抑制对McGurk效应的影响;（ii）确定运动言语区域是否显示AV整合特征。关于实验（i）的假设是，如果运动系统在McGurk融合中起作用，则通过发音抑制分散运动系统应导致McGurk融合减少。实验（i）的结果表明，发音抑制不会导致这种减少，这表明运动系统不是McGurk效应的原因。实验（ii）的假设是，如果运动区（如布罗卡区）中AV语音的大脑激活反映了AV整合，则活动的轮廓应反映AV整合：AV > AO（仅听觉）和AV > VO（仅视觉）。实验（ii）的结果表明，运动言语区没有表现出这种整合模式，而后部STS。相反，运动区的活动是任务依赖的。综合结果表明，AV语音整合不依赖于运动系统。
Visual speech influences the perception of heard speech. A classic example of this is the McGurk effect, whereby an auditory /pa/ overlaid onto a visual /ka/ induces the fusion percept of /ta/. Recent behavioral and neuroimaging research has highlighted the importance of both articulatory representations and motor speech regions of the brain, particularly Broca's area, in audiovisual (AV) speech integration. Alternatively, AV speech integration may be accomplished by the sensory system through multisensory integration in the posterior STS. We assessed the claims regarding the involvement of the motor system in AV integration in two experiments: (i) examining the effect of articulatory suppression on the McGurk effect and (ii) determining if motor speech regions show an AV integration profile. The hypothesis regarding experiment (i) is that if the motor system plays a role in McGurk fusion, distracting the motor system through articulatory suppression should result in a reduction of McGurk fusion. The results of experiment (i) showed that articulatory suppression results in no such reduction, suggesting that the motor system is not responsible for the McGurk effect. The hypothesis of experiment (ii) was that if the brain activation to AV speech in motor regions (such as Broca's area) reflects AV integration, the profile of activity should reflect AV integration: AV > AO (auditory only) and AV > VO (visual only). The results of experiment (ii) demonstrate that motor speech regions do not show this integration profile, whereas the posterior STS does. Instead, activity in motor regions is task dependent. The combined results suggest that AV speech integration does not rely on the motor system.