Factors influencing mobile source particulate matter emissions-to-exposure relationships in the Boston urban area
Factors influencing mobile source particulate matter emissions-to-exposure relationships in the Boston urban area
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DOI：
10.1021/es062213f
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发表时间：
2007-11-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Levy, Jonathan I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Greco, Susan L.;Wilson, Andrew M.;Levy, Jonathan I.
效益-成本和监管影响分析通常使用分辨率较低的大气扩散模式来估计拟议的移动污染源排放控制法规的效益。这种方法可能会偏离健康评估，或错过主要空气污染物的重要城市内变异性。在这项研究中，我们估计了波士顿地铁核心区23398个路段每个路段的初级细颗粒物(PM2.5)摄入量(IF；从人群吸入的污染源排放的污染物的分数)，以评估排放与暴露关系中城市内部变化的可能性。我们使用CAL3QHCR线源模型结合每个路段5000米范围内的居住人口来估计IF。路段的年平均值为每百万人0.8至53人，平均为每百万人12人。平均而言，46%的总曝光量是在路段200米内实现的，尽管这一比例在0到93%之间变化，主要是由于不同的人口模式。我们的发现表明，如果考虑到人口随时间迁移、局部气象条件和街道-峡谷配置可能会增加，流动源初级PM2.5的城市内部变异性可能会很大。
Benefit-cost and regulatory impact analyses often use atmospheric dispersion models with coarse resolution to estimate the benefits of proposed mobile source emission control regulations. This approach may bias health estimates or miss important intra-urban variability for primary air pollutants. In this study, we estimate primary fine particulate matter(PM2.5) intakefractions (iF;the fraction of a pollutant emitted from a source that is inhaled by the population) for each of 23 398 road segments in the Boston Metro Core area to evaluate the potential for intra-urban variability in the emissions-to-exposure relationship. We estimate iFs using the CAL3QHCR line source model combined with residential populations within 5000 m of each road segment. The annual average values for the road segments range from 0.8 to 53 per million, with a mean of 12 per million. On average, 46% of the total exposure is realized within 200 m of the road segment, though this varies from 0 to 93% largely due to variable population patterns. Our findings indicate the likelihood of substantial intra-urban variability in mobile source primary PM2.5 iF that accounting for population movement with time, localized meteorological conditions, and street-canyon configurations would likely increase.