XQsim: Modeling Cross-Technology Control Processors for 10+K Qubit Quantum Computers
XQsim: Modeling Cross-Technology Control Processors for 10+K Qubit Quantum Computers
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XQsim：为 10 K Qubit 量子计算机建模跨技术控制处理器
DOI：
10.1145/3470496.3527417
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kim Jangwoo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Byun Ilkwon;Kim Junpyo;Min Dongmoon;Nagaoka Ikki;Fukumitsu Kosuke;Ishikawa Iori;Tanimoto Teruo;Tanaka Masamitsu;Inoue Koji;Kim Jangwoo
10+K量子比特的量子计算机对于实现真正意义上的量子霸权至关重要。随着最近对大规模量子计算机的研究，架构师们揭示了各种可扩展性问题，包括量子控制处理器的限制，应该对这些问题进行全面分析，以设计未来的可扩展控制处理器。然而，由于缺乏可靠的工具来探索包括微架构、器件技术和工作温度在内的广泛设计空间，因此无法识别和解决处理器的可扩展性瓶颈。在本文中，我们提出了XQsim，一个开源跨技术量子控制处理器模拟器。 XQsim 可以针对各种设备技术和候选工作温度准确分析目标控制处理器的可扩展性瓶颈。为了实现这一目标，我们首先为容错量子计算机（FTQC）系统全面实现令人信服的控制处理器微架构。接下来，在微架构之上，我们开发了架构级控制处理器模拟器 (XQsim)，并通过布局后分析、时序精确的 RTL 模拟和噪声量子模拟对其进行彻底验证。最后，在 XQsim 的驱动下，我们提供了设计 10+K 量子位量子控制处理器的未来方向，并提供了多种设计指南和架构优化。我们的案例研究表明，最终的控制处理器架构可以通过我们的工作温度和技术选择成功支持约 59K 量子位。
10+K qubit quantum computer is essential to achieve a true sense of quantum supremacy. With the recent effort towards the large-scale quantum computer, architects have revealed various scalability issues including the constraints in a quantum control processor, which should be holistically analyzed to design a future scalable control processor. However, it has been impossible to identify and resolve the processor's scalability bottleneck due to the absence of a reliable tool to explore an extensive design space including microarchitecture, device technology, and operating temperature.In this paper, we presentXQsim, an open-source cross-technology quantum control processor simulator. XQsim can accurately analyze the target control processors' scalability bottlenecks for various device technology and operating temperature candidates. To achieve the goal, we first fully implement a convincing control processor microarchitecture for the Fault-tolerant Quantum Computer (FTQC) systems. Next, on top of the microarchitecture, we develop an architecture-level control processor simulator (XQsim) and thoroughly validate it with post-layout analysis, timing-accurate RTL simulation, and noisy quantum simulation. Lastly, driven by XQsim, we provide the future directions to design a 10+K qubit quantum control processor with several design guidelines and architecture optimizations. Our case study shows that the final control processor architecture can successfully support ~59K qubits with our operating temperature and technology choices.