Beyond fear - Rapid spatial orienting toward positive emotional stimuli
Beyond fear - Rapid spatial orienting toward positive emotional stimuli
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02094.x
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Scherer, Klaus R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brosch, Tobias;Sander, David;Scherer, Klaus R.
有很多经验证据表明，负面情绪刺激（尤其是与恐惧相关的情绪刺激）可以调节注意力。这种调节通常用恐惧模块来解释。情绪评价理论是一种更普遍的机制，预测与有机体的需要和目标相关的刺激引起的注意，而不管效价如何。为了研究注意力调节背后的脑激活模式，我们记录了20名受试者的事件相关电位，他们执行点探测任务，其中线索是恐惧诱导和养育诱导刺激（即，婴儿的脸（Baby Faces）高度相似的有效性调制被发现为P1时间锁定到目标发病，表明早期注意力捕获的积极和消极的情绪刺激。地形分割分析和源定位表明，同样的放大过程涉及是否注意定向是由负面的，恐惧相关的刺激或积极的，养育相关的刺激。这些结果证实，生物相关性，而不仅仅是恐惧，产生了一个自动的空间定向到刺激的位置。
There is much empirical evidence for modulation of attention by negative-particularly fear-relevant-emotional stimuli. This modulation is often explained in terms of a fear module. Appraisal theories of emotion posit a more general mechanism, predicting attention capture by stimuli that are relevant for the needs and goals of the organism, regardless of valence. To examine the brain-activation patterns underlying attentional modulation, we recorded event-related potentials from 20 subjects performing a dot-probe task in which the cues were fear-inducing and nurturance-inducing stimuli (i.e., anger faces and baby faces). Highly similar validity modulation was found for the P1 time-locked to target onset, indicating early attentional capture by both positive and negative emotional stimuli. Topographic segmentation analysis and source localization indicate that the same amplification process is involved whether attention orienting is triggered by negative, fear-relevant stimuli or positive, nurturance-relevant stimuli. These results confirm that biological relevance, and not exclusively fear, produces an automatic spatial orienting toward the location of a stimulus.