Analysis of Low-level Temperature Inversions and Their Effects on Aerosols in the Lower Atmosphere
Analysis of Low-level Temperature Inversions and Their Effects on Aerosols in the Lower Atmosphere
复制标题
低层逆温及其对低层大气气溶胶影响的分析
DOI：
10.1007/s00376-019-9018-9
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Zhang, Jinqiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Jun;Chen, Hongbin;Zhang, Jinqiang
利用高质量且连续的无线电探空仪、气溶胶和地面气象数据集，对气象参数的统计特征及其对气溶胶的影响展开研究。这些数据于2000年至2015年期间在大气辐射测量（Atmospheric Radiation Measurement）大平原南部气候研究机构收集。研究发现，逆温层的参数和垂直分布呈现出强烈的昼夜和季节变化。对于地面逆温（SBI），逆温层的平均出现频率和厚度分别为39.4%和198米。地面逆温层顶部与底部的温差为4.8摄氏度，因此温度梯度为2.4摄氏度/（100米）。已确定了逆温详细的垂直分布情况，且仅1000米以下的逆温层呈现出昼夜和季节变化。当地面逆温分别在当地标准时间05:30、17:30和23:30出现时，地面气溶胶平均数浓度分别增加43.0%、21.9%和49.2%。地面逆温对地面气溶胶浓度的影响在夏季最弱（18.1%），在冬季最强（58.4%）。在高空逆温事件期间，地面气溶胶数浓度无明显差异。地面逆温的温差和温度梯度与气溶胶数浓度相关性较好，尤其是温度梯度。存在逆温和不存在逆温时，气溶胶光学特性的垂直分布有所不同。地面气溶胶测量值代表地面逆温和高空逆温内部（下方）而非上方的空气情况。这些结果为建立边界层气溶胶积累模型以及改进低层大气辐射传输模型奠定了基础。
High-quality and continuous radiosonde, aerosol and surface meteorology datasets are used to investigate the statistical characteristics of meteorological parameters and their effects on aerosols. The data were collected at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains climate research facility during 2000–15. The parameters and vertical distribution of temperature inversion layers were found to have strong diurnal and seasonal changes. For surface-based temperature inversion (SBI), the mean frequency and depth of temperature inversion layers were 39.4% and 198 m, respectively. The temperature difference between the top and bottom of SBI was 4.8°C, and so the temperature gradient was 2.4°C (100 m)−1. The detailed vertical distributions of temperature inversion had been determined, and only the temperature inversion layers below 1000 m showed diurnal and seasonal variations. Mean surface aerosol number concentrations increased by 43.0%, 21.9% and 49.2% when SBIs were present at 0530, 1730 and 2330 LST, respectively. The effect of SBI on surface aerosol concentration was weakest in summer (18.1%) and strongest in winter (58.4%). During elevated temperature inversion events, there was no noticeable difference in surface aerosol number concentrations. Temperature differences and temperature gradients across SBIs correlated fairly well with aerosol number concentrations, especially for temperature gradients. The vertical distribution of aerosol optical properties with and without temperature inversions was different. Surface aerosol measurements were representative of the air within (below), but not above, SBIs and EIs. These results provide a basis for developing a boundary layer aerosol accumulation model and for improving radiative transfer models in the lower atmosphere.