Discovery of Sorghum Haploid Induction System
Discovery of Sorghum Haploid Induction System
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-9039-9_4
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Franks, Cleve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hussain, Tanveer;Franks, Cleve
高粱是世界上仅次于玉米、小麦、水稻和珍珠粟的第五大粮食作物。传统的高粱育种依赖于多代自花授粉来获得足够的纯合性水平以进行杂交评价，这增加了育种过程的数年时间和巨大成本。与玉米一样，高粱加倍单倍体（DH）是加快高粱育种进程的关键技术。经过3年的努力，从世界各地4000份材料中筛选出2个单倍体诱导系SMHI 01和SMHI 02。这两种诱导剂已在不同的生长环境中进行了评估，并已显示以1- 2%的频率产生单倍体。用这两种诱导剂产生的推定的单倍体进行了评估，并从细胞学和生化方面证实了倍性。这些诱导系的发现是高粱育种革命性变化的第一步。
Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal grain crop after corn, wheat, rice, and pearl millet in the world. Conventional sorghum breeding relies on multiple generations of self-pollination to achieve the adequate levels of homozygosity for hybrid evaluation, which adds several years and great cost to the breeding process. As in maize, doubled haploid (DH) is the key technology to speed up the breeding process in sorghum. Through 3 years of efforts, two haploid inducer lines, SMHI01 and SMHI02, were discovered by screening 4000 germplasms worldwide. These two inducers have been evaluated in different growth environments and have shown to generate haploids at frequency of 1-2%. The putative haploids produced with these two inducers were evaluated and ploidy was confirmed cytologically and biochemically. The discovery of these inducer lines is the first step toward a revolutionary change in sorghum breeding.