Immune stability predicts tuberculosis infection risk in a wild mammal.
Immune stability predicts tuberculosis infection risk in a wild mammal.
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免疫稳定性可预测野生哺乳动物感染结核病的风险。
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2019.1401
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ezenwa,VanessaO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Seguel,Mauricio;Beechler,BriannaR;Coon,CourtneyC;Snyder,PaulW;Spaan,JohannieM;Jolles,AnnaE;Ezenwa,VanessaO
免疫力是动物中最易变的表型性状之一;然而，一些个体的免疫性状可能表现出较小的波动，导致随着时间的推移免疫变异的稳定模式。目前尚不清楚免疫变异是否会对传染病风险产生影响。在这项研究中，我们确定了适度稳定的免疫性状在野生非洲布法罗，并询问这些性状的稳定性是否影响牛结核病（TB）感染的风险。我们发现，适应性免疫性状，如白色血细胞刺激后释放的γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）水平、循环淋巴细胞数量和抗牛腺病毒3型抗体水平具有中等重复性（即稳定）随着时间的推移，而与先天免疫相关的参数要么具有低重复性（循环嗜酸性粒细胞数量）或不可重复（例如嗜中性粒细胞数量、血浆细菌杀伤能力）。有趣的是，具有更多可重复的IFN-γ和淋巴细胞水平的个体具有显著更高的获得TB感染的风险。与此形成鲜明对比的是，平均IFN-γ和淋巴细胞水平是结核病风险的不良预测因子，表明免疫变异性而不是绝对应答水平更好地捕捉了疾病易感性的变化。这项工作突出了免疫变异作为感染风险预测因子的重要和未被充分认识的作用。
Immunity is one of the most variable phenotypic traits in animals; however, some individuals may show less fluctuation in immune traits, resulting in stable patterns of immune variation over time. It is currently unknown whether immune variation has consequences for infectious disease risk. In this study, we identified moderately stable immune traits in wild African buffalo and asked whether the stability of these traits affected bovine tuberculosis (TB) infection risk. We found that adaptive immune traits such as the level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) released after white blood cell stimulation, the number of circulating lymphocytes and the level of antibodies against bovine adenovirus-3 were moderately repeatable (i.e. stable) over time, whereas parameters related to innate immunity either had low repeatability (circulating eosinophil numbers) or were not repeatable (e.g. neutrophil numbers, plasma bacteria killing capacity). Intriguingly, individuals with more repeatable IFN-γ and lymphocyte levels were at a significantly higher risk of acquiring TB infection. In stark contrast, average IFN-γ and lymphocyte levels were poor predictors of TB risk, indicating that immune variability rather than absolute response level better captured variation in disease susceptibility. This work highlights the important and under-appreciated role of immune variability as a predictor of infection risk.