USE OF HUMAN METABOLIC STUDIES AND URINARY ARSENIC SPECIATION IN ASSESSING ARSENIC EXPOSURE
USE OF HUMAN METABOLIC STUDIES AND URINARY ARSENIC SPECIATION IN ASSESSING ARSENIC EXPOSURE
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01688254
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发表时间：
1991-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
FARMER, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JOHNSON, LR;FARMER, JG
使用头发和指甲分析来评估人体接触微量非金属砷（As）的情况受到外部污染可能性的阻碍。尽管尿液是主要的排泄途径，但当食用海产品后排泄的无毒有机砷（砷甜菜碱）与有毒无机形式的砷和相关代谢物之间没有区别时，尿液作为暴露指标的用途是有限的。能够分离尿液中As的不同化学物质的分析技术的发展表明，动物和人摄入无机As（AsV或AsIII）会引发体内还原/甲基化过程，导致毒性较小的物质，单甲基胂酸（MMAA）和二甲基胂酸（DMAA）的排泄。本文建立了吸收，生物转化和消除模式反映在尿砷以下仔细控制的实验暴露。
The use of hair and nail analyses to assess human exposure to the trace metalloid arsenic (As) is hindered by the possibility of external contamination. Even though urine represents the major excretory route, its use as an indicator of exposure is limited when no distinction is made between the nontoxic organoarsenical (arsenobetaine) excreted following the consumption of seafood and the toxic inorganic forms of As and related metabolites. The development of analytical techniques capable of separating the different chemical species of As in urine have shown that the ingestion of inorganic As (AsV or AsIII) by animals and man triggers an in vivo reduction/methylation process resulting in excretion of the less toxic species, monomethylarsonic acid (MMAA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA). This paper establishes the uptake, bio-transformation and elimination patterns reflected in urinary As following carefully controlled experimental exposure.