Spatial Exposure to Dynamic Safety Hazards in Construction Sites through 360-Degree Augmented Panoramas: Ecological Validity in Safety Research
Spatial Exposure to Dynamic Safety Hazards in Construction Sites through 360-Degree Augmented Panoramas: Ecological Validity in Safety Research
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DOI：
10.1061/9780784483985.073
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kyeongsuk Lee;Sogand Hasanzadeh;B. Esmaeili
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kyeongsuk Lee;Sogand Hasanzadeh;B. Esmaeili
鉴于建筑行业的动态和复杂性，在施工现场保持态势意识至关重要。为了做出正确的反应，工人必须识别现场内的动态安全隐患。大多数评估建筑工人的情境意识的研究都利用静态图像，虚拟现实和其他类型的模拟方法，但问题仍然存在，这些格式是否能够捕捉和监测工人的自然行为和危险识别能力。为了识别危险刺激的格式（即， 静态、基于图像与动态和基于视频的格式）对工人的主观和客观危险识别和态势感知指标的影响，本研究利用最先进的增强360°全景图开发了23个安全危险场景，然后使用眼动跟踪技术跟踪工人视觉搜索模式和危险识别能力的差异。工人的认知反应（通过他们的眼球运动来证明）表明，工人的认知过程和能力根据刺激的形式而显着不同：危险识别技能较低的工人更有可能在动态环境中错过危险。这一结果表明，实验设置应仔细设计，以确定建筑工人的自然认知过程。
Given the dynamic and complex nature of the construction industry, maintaining situation awareness at job sites is critical. To react properly, workers must identify dynamic safety hazards within the scene. The majority of studies assessing construction workers’ situation awareness have utilized static images, virtual reality, and other types of simulation methods, but questions remain as to whether these formats are able to capture and monitor workers’ naturalistic behaviors and hazard identification abilities. To identify whether the format of hazardous stimuli (i.e., static, image-based vs. dynamic, and video-based formats) impact workers’ subjective and objective hazard identification and situation awareness metrics, this study developed 23 safety hazard scenarios utilizing state-of-the-art augmented 360° panoramas and then tracked differences in workers’ visual search patterns and hazard identification abilities using eye-tracking technology. The workers’ cognitive responses, evidenced by their eye movements, showed that workers had significantly varied cognitive processes and abilities depending on the format of stimuli: Workers with lower hazard identification skills were more likely to miss hazards in a dynamic environment. This result suggests that the experimental setting should be carefully designed to determine construction workers’ natural cognitive process.