Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults of Salvadoran Agricultural Communities
Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults of Salvadoran Agricultural Communities
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DOI：
10.37757/mr2014.v16.n2.5
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Orellana, Patricia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Orantes, Carlos M.;Herrera, Raul;Orellana, Patricia
简介 在萨尔瓦多，慢性肾病是一个严重且日益严重的公共卫生问题。 2011年，慢性肾功能衰竭是男性院内死亡的第一大原因，女性院内死亡的第五大原因。 目的 确定萨尔瓦多特定农村地区成年人群中 CKD 的患病率、CKD 危险因素（传统和非传统）和肾损伤标志物；测量肾功能的人群分布；方法在2009-2011年间对慢性肾脏病和危险因素进行主动筛查的基础上，进行横断面分析流行病学研究。通过个人病史、肾脏和血管损伤标记物的尿液分析、血清肌酐和葡萄糖的测定以及肾小球滤过率的估计来收集流行病学和临床数据。慢性肾病病例在三个月时得到确诊。采用多元逻辑回归进行统计分析。 结果 2388 人中慢性肾脏病的患病率为 18%（男性 23.9%，女性 13.9%）：来自 1306 个家庭的 976 名男性和 1412 名女性。既没有糖尿病、高血压也没有蛋白尿>= 1 g/L (51.9%) 的慢性肾病占主导地位。慢性肾衰竭的患病率为 11%（男性为 17.1%，女性为 6.8%）。肾损伤标志物的患病率为 12.5%（男性较高）：微量白蛋白尿，6.9%；蛋白尿（0.3克/升），1.7%；蛋白尿（1g/L），0.6%；蛋白尿（2克/升），0.4%；和血尿，1.5%。慢性肾病危险因素的患病率是：糖尿病，9%；高血压，20.9%；慢性肾脏病家族史，16.5%；有糖尿病家族史，18.5%；有高血压家族史，30.6%；肥胖，21%；向心性肥胖，24.9%； NSAID 使用率，84.2%；吸烟，9.9%；饮酒量，15%；农业职业，31.2%；与农用化学品接触，46.7%。慢性肾病与男性、老年、高血压、农业职业、慢性肾病家族史以及接触农用化学品甲基对硫磷显着相关。 结论 这项研究的结果支持了其他研究的建议，即我们正面临一种可称为农业肾病的新型肾病。
INTRODUCTION In El Salvador, chronic kidney disease is a serious and growing public health problem. Chronic renal failure was the first cause of hospital deaths in men and the fifth in women in 2011.OBJECTIVE Determine prevalence of CKD, CKD risk factors (traditional and nontraditional) and renal damage markers in the adult population of specific rural areas in El Salvador; measure population distribution of renal function; and identify associated risk factors in CKD patients detected.METHODS A cross-sectional analytical epidemiological study was conducted based on active screening for chronic kidney disease and risk factors in persons aged years during 2009-2011. Epidemiological and clinical data were gathered through personal history, as well as urinalysis for renal and vascular damage markers, determinations of serum creatinine and glucose, and estimation of glomerular filtration rates. Chronic kidney disease cases were confirmed at three months. Multiple logistical regression was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Prevalence of chronic kidney disease was 18% (23.9% for men and 13.9% for women) in 2388 persons: 976 men and 1412 women from 1306 families studied. Chronic kidney disease with neither diabetes nor hypertension nor proteinuria >= 1 g/L (51.9%) predominated. Prevalence of chronic renal failure was 11% (17.1% in men and 6.8% in women). Prevalence of renal damage markers was 12.5% (higher in men): microalbuminuria, 6.9%; proteinuria (0.3 g/L), 1.7%; proteinuria (1g/L), 0.6%; proteinuria (2 g/L), 0.4 %; and hematuria, 1.5%. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease risk factors was: diabetes mellitus, 9%; hypertension, 20.9%; family history of chronic kidney disease, 16.5%; family history of diabetes mellitus, 18.5%; family history of hypertension, 30.6%; obesity, 21%; central obesity, 24.9%; NSAID use, 84.2%; smoking, 9.9%; alcohol use, 15%; agricultural occupation, 31.2%; and contact with agrochemicals, 46.7%. Chronic kidney disease was significantly associated with male sex, older age, hypertension, agricultural occupation, family history of chronic kidney disease and contact with the agrochemical methyl parathion.CONCLUSIONS The results of this study support suggestions from other research that we are facing a new form of kidney disease that could be called agricultural nephropathy.