The life of soils: Integrating the who and how of multifunctionality
The life of soils: Integrating the who and how of multifunctionality
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108561
复制
发表时间：
2022-02-04
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Zwetsloot, M. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Creamer, R. E.;Barel, J. M.;Zwetsloot, M. J.
捕捉土壤生命的复杂性进行土壤质量评估是当代土壤科学最具挑战性的悖论之一。土壤生物群执行对土壤质量至关重要的大量过程。随着土壤质量概念的发展，将土壤生物测量纳入从田间到区域尺度的监测计划的尝试也在不断发展。然而，迄今为止，土壤科学还没有成功地提供灵活而客观的生物指标方法来评估土壤的多功能性，定制到用户的context.We提出了一个综合框架，并阐明了谁和如何土壤多功能性。该框架包括目前对土壤生物群在支持土壤质量基础的许多土壤过程中的作用的科学认识。我们为四种土壤功能（碳和气候调节，水调节和净化，营养循环，疾病和害虫调节）指定了这些关系。我们确定了土壤质量评估和监测计划中经常遇到的挑战，并讨论了如何将该框架应用于提供灵活的选择工具。土壤质量评估是在不同的背景下进行的。由于评估目标从机械理解到功能性土地管理和大空间尺度监测，因此方法选择的实际和后勤限制也会有所不同。生物评估需要超越对一刀切的最小数据集的追求，并采用基于土壤生物学的更细致的选择方法。我们强调，生物属性不应孤立地考虑，而应与土壤的化学和物理属性以及管理和环境背景一起考虑。所提出的框架提供了一个结构，以进一步量化，理解和沟通谁和如何定义多功能的土壤生物学。
Capturing the complexity of soil life for soil quality assessments is one of the most challenging paradoxes of contemporary soil science. Soil biota perform a plethora of processes that are fundamental to soil quality. As the concept of soil quality developed, so have the attempts to integrate soil biological measurements into monitoring schemes from field to regional scale. To date, however, soil science has not yet succeeded to provide flexible yet objective biological indicator methods to assess soil multifunctionality, customised to the user's context.We present an integrative framework and elucidate the who and how of soil multifunctionality. The framework encompasses the current scientific understanding of the role of soil biota in supporting the many soil processes that underly soil quality. We specified these relationships for four soil functions (Carbon and Climate Regulation, Water Regulation and Purification, Nutrient Cycling, and Disease and Pest Regulation). We identify challenges often encountered in soil quality assessment and monitoring schemes and discuss how the framework can be applied to provide a flexible selection tool. Soil quality assessments are conducted in different contexts. As assessment objectives range from mechanistic understanding, to functional land management and large spatial scale monitoring so will the practical and logistical constraints for method selection vary.Biological assessments need to move beyond the quest for a one-size-fits-all minimum dataset, and adopt a more nuanced selection approach founded in soil biology. We stress that biological attributes should not be considered in isolation but alongside soil chemical and physical attributes, as well as management and environmental contextualisation. The presented framework offers a structure to further quantify, understand and communicate the who and how of soil biology in defining multifunctionality.