Abnormality in immunoregulatory cells in human malignancies.
Abnormality in immunoregulatory cells in human malignancies.
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人类恶性肿瘤中免疫调节细胞的异常。
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4613-9558-4_2
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gupta,S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gupta,S
免疫调节可以定义为在系统受到抗原干扰后确定免疫反应的幅度、强度、持续时间和节奏的过程。免疫调节涉及多种机制；他们的讨论超出了本章的范围，有兴趣的读者可以参阅简明评论（1）。这些免疫调节 T 细胞亚群增强或抑制 B 细胞向浆细胞的分化以及 T 细胞向丝裂原、抗原和同种异体抗原的增殖 (2)。在正常的免疫止血中，辅助功能和抑制功能之间存在微妙的平衡。免疫调节 T 细胞亚群通过免疫球蛋白同种型受体的存在来识别 (3-5)，并通过单克隆抗体来定义分化抗原 (6)。这些标记的列表如表 2.1 所示。最近，人们发现，即使是所谓的辅助/诱导 T 细胞（OKT4+、T4+、Leu 3+）和抑制/细胞毒性 T 细胞（OKT8+、T8+、Leu 2+、OKTS+）在功能上也不是同质的。最近对 T4+ 和 T8+T 细胞的功能异质性主题进行了综述 (7)。在本章中，我将主要讨论各种恶性肿瘤中免疫调节 T 细胞亚群和巨噬细胞的紊乱，包括那些源于正常免疫调节 T 细胞亚群本身的紊乱。
Immune regulation may be defined as a process that determines the magnitude, intensity, duration, and tempo of immune responses after the system has been disturbed by an antigen. There are several mechanisms that are involved in immune regulation; their discussion is out of the scope of this chapter, and interested readers are referred to a concise review (1). These immunoregulatory T cell subsets either enhance or suppress the B cell differentiation to plasma cells and T cell proliferation to mitogens, antigens, and alloantigens (2). In normal immune hemostasis, there is a delicate balance between helper and suppressor functions. Immunoregulatory T cell subsets are identified by the presence of receptors for immunoglobulin isotypes (3–5), and the differentiation antigens are defined with monoclonal antibodies (6). A list of these markers is shown in Table 2.1. More recently it has become apparent that even the so-called helper/inducer T cells (OKT4+, T4+, Leu 3+) and suppressor/cytotoxic (OKT8+, T8+, Leu 2+, OKTS+) T cells are not functionally homogeneous. The subject of functional heterogeneity of T4+and T8+T cells have recently been reviewed (7). In this chapter, I will discuss primarily the disorders of immunoregulatory T cell subsets and of macrophages in various malignancies, including those stems from normal immunoregulatory T cell subsets themselves.