Human milk protection against infectious diarrhea: implications for prevention and clinical care.
Human milk protection against infectious diarrhea: implications for prevention and clinical care.
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DOI：
10.1053/j.spid.2004.07.002
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发表时间：
2004-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rangel, Josefa M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morrow, Ardythe L;Rangel, Josefa M
母乳喂养是预防生命最初几年腹泻引起的发病率和死亡率的主要战略。卫生系统和以社区为基础的干预措施已被证明可以提高母乳喂养的普及率，并减少婴儿期腹泻的发生率和相关的医疗保健费用。母乳喂养的保护作用可归因于母乳中具有抗感染、抗炎和免疫调节功能的后天和先天因素的复合物，包括分泌抗体、低聚糖、糖缀合物、乳铁蛋白、白细胞、细胞因子和其他因子。美国儿科学会建议纯母乳喂养直到婴儿大约6个月大，及时引入辅食，并继续母乳喂养一年，如果需要，甚至更长时间。据估计，如果遵循这些母乳喂养建议，全世界每年可避免的儿童死亡人数将超过100万。
Breastfeeding is the major strategy for prevention of morbidity and mortality resulting from diarrhea in the first few years of life. Health-system and community based interventions have been shown to increase the prevalence of breastfeeding and reduce the incidence of diarrhea and associated healthcare costs in infancy. The protective effect of breastfeeding is attributable to a complex of acquired and innate factors unique to human milk that have anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory functions, including secretory antibodies, oligosaccharides, glycoconjugates, lactoferrin, leukocytes, cytokines, and other agents. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding until the infant is approximately 6 months of age, with timely introduction of complementary foods and continued breastfeeding to a year, or longer if desired. The number of deaths of children that could be prevented worldwide each year if these breastfeeding recommendations were followed has been estimated to be more than 1 million.