Phylogeographic analysis of the threatened and endangered superconglutinate‐producing mussels of the genus Lampsilis (Bivalvia: Unionidae)
Phylogeographic analysis of the threatened and endangered superconglutinate‐producing mussels of the genus Lampsilis (Bivalvia: Unionidae)
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-294x.2001.01361.x
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发表时间：
2001-09
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
K. Roe;P. Hartfield;C. Lydeard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Roe;P. Hartfield;C. Lydeard
淡水湖蚌属的几种淡水湖蚌表现出一种非凡的繁殖策略。这些物种的雌性贻贝将它们的幼虫包裹在一种类似小鱼的诱饵中，称为“超粘连”，以吸引食鱼鱼类。当鱼试图吞下超粘稠物时，诱饵破裂，幼虫被释放出来寄生在鱼身上。在表现出这种策略的四种贻贝中，有三种受到《濒危物种法》的保护，一种被认为是濒危物种。这些贻贝是美国东南部墨西哥湾沿岸排水系统的特有物种。对代表这4个物种和6个外群分类群的18个标本进行了线粒体16S核糖体RNA和细胞色素氧化酶c基因第一亚基核苷酸序列的系统发育分析。这些数据的系统发育分析支持产生超粘连贻贝的单系性，并表明该数据具有很强的地理成分。这4个类群的动物地理格局与淡水脊椎动物的地理格局一致，并与更新世期间海平面波动引起的替代格局相一致。尽管数据具有很强的地理结构，但只有一个物种，Lampsilis subangulata被恢复为单系植物。作者将剩余物种的单系性缺乏支持归因于序列变异不足和这些分类群的祖先起源较晚。基于这些数据，未来任何旨在增加或重建种群的圈养繁殖项目都应该只从适当的来源种群中进行，以保持这些新生物种的遗传完整性。
Several species of freshwater unionid mussels in the genus Lampsilis exhibit a remarkable reproductive strategy. Female mussels of these species enclose their larvae in a minnow‐like lure, called a ‘superconglutinate’, to attract piscivorous fishes. When a fish attempts to ingest the superconglutinate the lure ruptures and the larvae are released to parasitize the fish. Of the four species of mussel which exhibit this strategy and are endemic to the Gulf Coast drainages of the southeastern United States, three are protected under the Endangered Species Act, and one is recognized as imperilled. Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA and the first subunit of the cytochrome oxidase c genes was conducted on 18 individual specimens representing these four species and six outgroup taxa. Phylogenetic analyses of these data support the monophyly of the superconglutinate‐producing mussels, and indicates a strong geographical component to the data. The zoogeographic patterns of the four taxa included in the study are congruent with those seen in freshwater vertebrates, and are consistent with a vicariant pattern resulting from fluctuations in sea level during the Pleistocene. Despite the strong geographical structuring of the data, only one species, Lampsilis subangulata, was recovered as monophyletic. The authors attribute the lack of support for the monophyly of the remaining species to insufficient sequence variation and the recent origin of the ancestor of these taxa. Based on these data, any future captive breeding projects aimed at augmenting or re‐establishing populations should do so only from the appropriate source populations so as to maintain the genetic integrity of these nascent species.