The effects of prefrontal lesions on working memory performance and theory
The effects of prefrontal lesions on working memory performance and theory
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DOI：
10.3758/cabn.4.4.528
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发表时间：
2004-12-04
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
D'Esposito, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Curtis, Clayton E.;D'Esposito, Mark
猴子前额叶皮层的实验性损伤的影响在目前对外侧前额叶皮层功能组织的概念化中发挥了主导作用，特别是在工作记忆方面。某些性能能力的损失或保留已被证明可归因于行为测试的特定要求的差异（例如，空间记忆与非空间记忆）沿着应用消融的具体位置的差异（例如，背侧与腹侧前额叶皮质）。这些发现已经积累了世纪之久，并使人们广泛接受了前额叶皮层的背外侧和腹外侧在高级认知中可能扮演着不同的、专门的角色。尽管如此，外侧前额叶的作用仍不清楚且存在争议。皮质是功能性组织的。两种主要观点提出了背侧和腹侧前额叶皮层不同类型的功能特化。第一种观点认为，外侧前额叶皮层是根据信息的空间和非空间域的处理而分离的。第二种观点认为，领域专门化并不是前额叶皮层组织的关键，相反，背侧和腹侧前额叶皮层执行的操作在性质上是不同的。这份报告批判性地回顾了所有相关的猴子病变研究，这些研究为当前关于前额叶皮层功能组织的理论奠定了基础。我们的目标是评估现有的病变数据如何支持每种理论，并列举解释相关文献时必须考虑的注意事项。
The effects of experimental lesions of the monkey prefrontal cortex have played a predominant role in current conceptualizations of the functional organization of the lateral prefrontal cortex, especially with regard to working memory. The loss or sparing of certain performance abilities has been shown to be attributable to differences in the specific requirements of behavioral testing (e.g., spatial vs. nonspatial memoranda) along with differences in the specific locations of applied ablations (e.g., dorsal vs. ventral prefrontal cortex). Such findings, which have accumulated now for over a century, have led to widespread acceptance that the dorsolateral and ventrolateral aspects of the prefrontal cortex may perform different, specialized roles in higher order cognition. Nonetheless, it remains unclear and controversial how the lateral prefrontal. cortex is functionally organized. Two main views propose different types of functional specialization of the dorsal and ventral prefrontal cortex. The first contends that the lateral prefrontal cortex is segregated according to the processing of spatial and nonspatial domains of information. The second contends that domain specialization is not the key to the organization of the prefrontal cortex, but that instead, the dorsal and ventral prefrontal cortices perform qualitatively different operations. This report critically reviews all relevant monkey lesion studies that have served as the foundation for current theories regarding the functional organization of the prefrontal cortex. Our goals are to evaluate how well the existing lesion data support each theory and to enumerate caveats that must be considered when interpreting the relevant literature.