3-D SAR imaging for multistatic GPR
3-D SAR imaging for multistatic GPR
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DOI：
10.1117/12.2519430
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发表时间：
2019-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Pereira;Yu Zhang;D. Huston;Tian Xia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Pereira;Yu Zhang;D. Huston;Tian Xia
探地雷达（GPR）是一种遥测地球物理探测方法，已应用于地下公用设施定位、桥面检测、地雷定位、无人驾驶汽车地形测绘等领域。多基地探地雷达能够实现更快的探测速度、更广泛的空间覆盖范围以及对地下情况的多视角观测。然而，由于发射和接收天线存在空间偏移，通过简单叠加采集到的A扫描数据来生成三维探地雷达图像并不准确。此外，不同接收器数据的平均处理可能会因空间偏移导致的不同时间延迟，使反向散射波产生相消干涉，因此一般来说，平均处理并不能提高信噪比。而且，散射点反向散射的能量在探地雷达原始数据中呈双曲线分布。通常采用偏移或成像算法，通过聚焦双曲线来提高信噪比。这一聚焦过程也能提高目标定位的精度。本文提出了一种计算效率高的合成孔径雷达（SAR）成像算法，该算法能妥善整合地面耦合和空气耦合两种情况下的多基地探地雷达数据。该算法已成功应用于两个合成数据集。
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a remote geophysical sensing method that has been applied in the localization of underground utilities, bridge deck survey, localization of landmines, mapping of terrain for aid in driverless cars, etc. Multistatic GPR can deliver a faster survey, wider spatial coverage, and multiple viewpoints of the subsurface. However, because of the transmit and receive antennas spatial offset, formation of 3D GPR image by simple stacking of the acquired A-scans is inaccurate. Also, averaging of different receivers data may lead to destructive interference of back-scattered waves due to different time delays implied by the spatial offset, so averaging does not lead to higher SNR in general. Furthermore, the energy back-scattered by scatter points are spread in hyperbolas in the GPR raw data. Migration or imaging algorithms are employed to increase SNR by focusing the hyperbolas. This focusing process also leads to better accuracy in target localization. In this paper, a computationally efficient synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging algorithm that properly integrates multistatic GPR data in both ground and air-coupled cases is presented. The algorithm is successfully applied on two synthetic datasets.