Host-Associated Probiotics: A Key Factor in Sustainable Aquaculture
Host-Associated Probiotics: A Key Factor in Sustainable Aquaculture
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DOI：
10.1080/23308249.2019.1643288
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发表时间：
2019-07-30
影响因子：
11.5
通讯作者：
Faggio, Caterina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hien Van Doan;Hoseinifar, Seyed Hossein;Faggio, Caterina
水产养殖业在过去的二十年中得到了巨大的发展。然而，在某些情况下，这种发展导致了环境退化、疾病的出现和生产力低下。为了提高水产养殖的抗病性、生长性能、饲料效率和安全性，促进了益生菌在水产养殖中的开发和应用。用于水产养殖的益生菌包括芽孢杆菌属、乳杆菌属、肠球菌属和肉杆菌属以及酵母。然而，这些益生菌中的大多数来自陆地来源，而不是来自水生动物生活的环境或宿主动物。“宿主相关益生菌”的使用引起了人们的关注，因为它们为水产养殖提供了一种替代策略，而水产养殖本身依赖于陆地微生物的使用。宿主相关益生菌的益处包括改善生长性能、饲料价值、对消化的酶促贡献、抑制粘附和病原微生物在胃肠道中的定殖、增加血液学参数和免疫应答。本文综述了宿主相关益生菌在水产养殖中的应用，特别关注其免疫调节和促生长作用。此外，目前的审查涉及研究差距和值得进一步调查的问题。
The aquaculture industry has dramatically developed during the last two decades. However, this development has, in some cases, resulted in environmental degradation, emergence of diseases, and low productivity. The need for improving disease resistance, growth performance, feed efficiency, and safe aquatic production for human consumption has stimulated development and applications of probiotics in aquaculture. Probiotics used in aquaculture include genera of Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Carnobacterium, and yeast. However, most of these probiotics are derived from terrestrial sources and not from the environment in which the aquatic animals live or the host animal. The use of "host-associated probiotics" has gained attention, as they offer an alternative strategy within aquaculture, which per se is dependent on the use of terrestrial microorganisms. The benefits of host-associated probiotics include improved growth performance, feed value, enzymatic contribution to digestion, inhibit adherence, and colonization of pathogenic microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, increase hematological parameters, and immune response. The present review addressed insight into the application of host-associated probiotics within aquaculture, with special focus on their immunomodulatory and growth enhancing effects. Furthermore, the current review address research gaps and issues that merit further investigations.