Review: Exchanges of volatile organic compounds between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere
Review: Exchanges of volatile organic compounds between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere
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DOI：
10.2480/agrmet.d-20-00025
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
A. Tani;Tomoki Mochizuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Tani;Tomoki Mochizuki
许多VOC在大气中具有反应性，可能产生二次有机气溶胶（SOA），并通过VOC参与的反应保持高的光化学臭氧浓度。大量研究表明，陆地生态系统是VOCs的重要汇和源。综述了挥发性有机物（VOCs）在陆地生态系统与大气之间交换的研究进展。从陆地生态系统排放的代表性VOC是低分子量含氧VOC，包括甲醇、丙酮、甲酸和乙酸，以及萜类化合物，包括异戊二烯和单萜。利用先进的分析系统，包括质子转移反应质谱法，对从叶片到冠层的类萜排放进行了深入研究。环境因素，包括温度，光照强度，二氧化碳和臭氧浓度，以及水分胁迫已被报道影响萜类化合物的排放从植物。这些环境的综合效应影响萜类化合物排放的相加或交互作用，是重要的挥发性有机化合物排放量的估计对正在进行的气候变化。异戊二烯是挥发性有机化合物中释放量最大的一种，本文综述了植物释放异戊二烯等大量碳的可能原因。在含氧VOC中，一些化合物，包括异戊二烯含氧化合物甲基丙烯醛和甲基乙烯基酮，是双向交换的，并且大气化学反应和叶片中氧化胁迫下的反应都被认为参与了双向VOC交换。自下而上的过程为基础的模型和自上而下的逆模型已经开发出来，以估计全球和地方的萜类排放量。为了验证模型的准确性和精确性，需要在不同地点收集更多的实地实况数据，如长期通量测量数据。否则，这些模型可能仍然会留下很大的不确定性相比，二氧化碳通量模型，可以验证大量的地面真实通量数据。
Many VOCs are reactive in the atmosphere, may produce secondary organic aerosol (SOA), and keep photochemical ozone concentrations high by VOC-involved reactions. Accumulated studies have shown the importance of terrestrial ecosystems which can be sinks and sources of VOCs. The research progress in the exchange of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere was reviewed in this paper. Representative VOCs emitted from terrestrial ecosystems are low-molecular-weight oxygenated VOCs including methanol, acetone, formic and acetic acids, and terpenoids, including isoprene and monoterpenes. Terpenoid emissions have been intensively investigated from the leaf to the canopy level using advanced analytical systems, including proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry. Environmental factors, including temperature, light intensity, carbon dioxide and ozone concentrations, and water stress have been reported to affect terpenoid emissions from plants. The combined effects of these environments influence terpenoid emission additively or interactively, and are important in terms of VOC emission estimates against ongoing climate change. Isoprene is most abundantly released into the atmosphere among VOCs; the potential reasons why some plants release such large amounts of carbon as isoprene were summarized in this study. Among oxygenated VOCs, some compounds, including isoprene oxygenates methacrolein and methyl vinyl ketone, are bidirectionally exchanged, and both atmospheric chemical reactions and reactions under oxidative stress in leaves have been regarded as involved in bidirectional VOC exchanges. Bottom-up process-based models and top-down inverse models have been developed to estimate global and local terpenoid emissions. To validate the accuracy and precision of the models, the collection of additional in-situ ground truth data, such as long-term flux measurement data, at various sites is required. Otherwise, these models may still leave large uncertainties compared with CO2 flux models that can be validated with a large number of ground truth flux data.