Involvement of macrophages in collagen resorption.
Involvement of macrophages in collagen resorption.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.41.1.345
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发表时间：
1969-04
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Parakkal PF
中科院分区：
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作者：
Parakkal PF
尽管胶原蛋白在大多数组织中相对稳定，但在一些形态发生的情况下会快速转变 (27)。在无尾变态 (7)、产后子宫复旧 (9) 和伤口愈合 (6) 过程中，大量胶原蛋白在短时间内被吸收。负责胶原蛋白降解的酶被认为是胶原酶 (13)。早期尝试证明胶原酶存在于发生主动重塑的系统中，但没有成功。然而，最近，Gross 和他的同事发现，当正在吸收的组织碎片在重构的胶原凝胶上生长时，它们会分泌一种胶原酶，能够在中性 pH 值和生理温度下裂解胶原蛋白 (6-8)。生化研究表明，在组织重塑过程中，水解酶（例如酸性水解酶）会增加许多倍 (24, 26)。基于众所周知的水解酶与溶酶体的关联，Woessner 提出了胶原吸收的溶酶体理论 (27)。根据这一理论，细胞外分泌的胶原酶会分解长胶原纤维，然后这些胶原纤维能够被吞噬细胞吸收，并在吞噬细胞中被溶酶体酶进一步降解。一些光学显微镜研究表明破骨细胞、成纤维细胞、异物巨细胞、宏观
Although relatively stable in most tissues, collagen is rapidly turned over in several cases of morphogenesis (27). During anuran metamorphosis (7), postpartum uterine involution (9), and wound healing (6), large amounts of collagen are resorbed in a short time. The enzyme responsible for collagen degradation is thought to be a collagenase (13). Early attempts to demonstrate a collagenase in systems in which active remodeling is taking place were unsuccessful. Recently, however, Gross and his coworkers have shown that, when pieces of tissue undergoing resorption are grown on reconstituted collagen gel, they secrete a collagenase capable of lysing collagen at neutral pH and physiological temperatures (6-8). Biochemical investigations have shown that during remodeling of tissues hydrolytic enzymes (such as acid hydrolases) increase many times (24, 26). On the basis of the well known association of hydrolytic enzymes with lysosomes, Woessner postulated a lysosomal theory of collagen resorption (27). According to this theory, the collagenase secreted extracellularly breaks up the long collagen fibers, which are then capable of being taken into phagocytic cells where they will be further degraded by the lysosomal enzymes. Several light microscopic investigations suggest that the osteoclast, fibroblast, foreign body giant cell, macro-