MATERNAL EMOTIONAL SIGNALING - ITS EFFECT ON THE VISUAL-CLIFF BEHAVIOR OF 1-YEAR-OLDS
MATERNAL EMOTIONAL SIGNALING - ITS EFFECT ON THE VISUAL-CLIFF BEHAVIOR OF 1-YEAR-OLDS
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.21.1.195
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
KLINNERT, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SORCE, JF;EMDE, RN;KLINNERT, MD
情绪的面部表情不仅仅是对内部状态的反应，它们也是调节他人行为的刺激模式。一系列的4项研究表明，到12个月。随着年龄的增长，人类婴儿会出现并使用这种面部表情来消除歧义。视觉悬崖的深侧被调整到一个高度，没有明显的回避和母亲的参考。如果母亲在婴儿提及时表现出快乐或兴趣，大多数婴儿都会越过深侧。如果母亲表现出恐惧或愤怒，很少有婴儿会反对。如果一个母亲表现出悲伤，一个中间的数字就会交叉。研究结果不能解释为对奇怪姿势的差异反应;在没有任何深度的情况下，很少有婴儿提到母亲，而那些提到母亲的婴儿，当母亲摆出恐惧姿势时，犹豫了一下，但还是越过了。面部表情显然在不确定的情境中最明显地调节行为。
Facial expressions of emotion are not merely responses indicative of internal states, they are also stimulus patterns that regulate the behavior of others. A series of 4 studies indicate that, by 12 mo. of age, human infants seed out and use such facial expressions to disambiguate situations. The deep side of a visual cliff was adjusted to a height that produced no clear avoidance and much referencing of the mother. If a mother posed joy or interest while her infant referenced, most infants crossed the deep side. If a mother posed fear or anger, very few infants crossed. If a mother posed sadness, an intermediate number crossed. Findings are not interpretable as a discrepancy reaction to an odd pose; in the absence of any depth whatsoever, few infants referenced the mother and those who did, while the mother was posing fear hesitated but crossed nonetheless. Facial expressions apparently regulate behavior most clearly in contexts of uncertainty.