Evolution of receptors for peptides similar to glucagon
Evolution of receptors for peptides similar to glucagon
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.03.002
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Irwin, David M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Irwin, David M.
编码胰高血糖素（GCG）、葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素肽（GIP）和毒蜥外泌肽的直系同源物的肽前体的基因属于相同的家族，如序列相似性所示。由这些基因编码的类似于胰高血糖素的肽通过密切相关的G蛋白偶联受体亚家族发出信号。已经鉴定了这些肽的受体的总共五种类型的基因，三种用于GCG的产物（GCGR、GLP1R和GLP2R），并且每种用于GIP的产物（GIPR）和毒蜥外泌肽的直系同源物（Grlr）。系统发育和基因组邻域分析清楚地表明，这些基因起源于脊椎动物进化的早期，都存在于四足动物和硬骨鱼的共同祖先。尽管它们的起源很古老，但其中一些基因是缺失的，Glp1r，Gipr和Grlr分别在硬骨鱼，鸟类和哺乳动物的谱系中丢失。这些受体基因的丢失可能是这些类似胰高血糖素的肽的新功能进化的驱动力。(C)2014爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
The genes encoding the peptide precursors for glucagon (GCG), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and ortholog of exendin belong to the same family as shown by sequence similarity. The peptides similar to glucagon encoded by these genes signal through a closely related subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors. A total of five types of genes for receptors for these peptides have been identified, three for the products of GCG (GCGR, GLP1R, and GLP2R) and one each for the products of GIP (GIPR) and the ortholog of exendin (Grlr). Phylogenetic and genomic neighborhood analyses clearly show that these genes originated very early in vertebrate evolution and all were present in the common ancestor of tetrapods and bony fish. Despite their ancient origins, some of these genes are dispensable, with the Glp1r, Gipr, and Grlr being lost on the lineages leading to bony fish, birds, and mammals, respectively. The loss of the genes for these receptors may have been driving forces in the evolution of new functions for these peptides similar to glucagon. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.