Late-glacial recolonization and phylogeography of European red deer (Cervus elaphus L.).
Late-glacial recolonization and phylogeography of European red deer (Cervus elaphus L.).
复制标题
欧洲马鹿（Cervus elaphus L.）的晚冰期再殖民和系统发育地理学。
DOI：
10.1111/mec.12420
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Meiri M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meiri M
更新世是一个气候和环境发生极端变化的时代。个别物种如何应对温暖和寒冷阶段的重复循环是一个主要争论话题。对于欧洲动植物群，有人提出了一种扩张-收缩模型，即温带物种在冰期期间仅限于南部避难所，并在间冰期期间向北扩展，包括现在的间冰期（全新世）。在这里，我们在马鹿 (Cervus elaphus) 上测试了这个模型，马鹿是一种大型且高度活动的草食动物，使用了过去整个欧洲该物种范围内的现代和古代线粒体 DNA。 40 000 年。我们的结果表明该物种对气候变化的影响很敏感。在末次盛冰期（LGM）之前，如今仅限于东南欧和西亚的单倍群向西延伸至英国。在末次盛世期间，马鹿主要分布在南部避难所、伊比利亚半岛、巴尔干地区，也可能分布在意大利和西南亚。在末次盛世末期，马鹿从伊比利亚避难所扩展到中欧和北欧，包括英国、比利时、斯堪的纳维亚半岛、德国、波兰和白俄罗斯。古代 DNA 数据不能排除马鹿通过末次盛宴在西北欧避难生存的可能性。然而，即使这些鹿幸存下来，它们也会被冰川末端从伊比利亚迁徙的鹿所取代。巴尔干地区是一个独立的末次盛行避难所，可能通过两个地区之间的基因交换与西亚相连。
The Pleistocene was an epoch of extreme climatic and environmental changes. How individual species responded to the repeated cycles of warm and cold stages is a major topic of debate. For the European fauna and flora, an expansion–contraction model has been suggested, whereby temperate species were restricted to southern refugia during glacial times and expanded northwards during interglacials, including the present interglacial (Holocene). Here, we test this model on the red deer (Cervus elaphus) a large and highly mobile herbivore, using both modern and ancient mitochondrial DNA from the entire European range of the species over the lastc. 40 000 years. Our results indicate that this species was sensitive to the effects of climate change. Prior to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) haplogroups restricted today to South‐East Europe and Western Asia reached as far west as the UK. During the LGM, red deer was mainly restricted to southern refugia, in Iberia, the Balkans and possibly in Italy and South‐Western Asia. At the end of the LGM, red deer expanded from the Iberian refugium, to Central and Northern Europe, including the UK, Belgium, Scandinavia, Germany, Poland and Belarus. Ancient DNA data cannot rule out refugial survival of red deer in North‐West Europe through the LGM. Had such deer survived, though, they were replaced by deer migrating from Iberia at the end of the glacial. The Balkans served as a separate LGM refugium and were probably connected to Western Asia with genetic exchange between the two areas.