The UK’s Reserve Forces: Retrospect and Prospect
The UK’s Reserve Forces: Retrospect and Prospect
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英国预备役部队：回顾与展望
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Orme
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Dandeker;N. Greenberg;G. Orme
本文侧重于英国预备役部队自第一次世界大战前建立以来的角色和结构发生了怎样的变化，特别关注了过去20年，在此期间，政府试图使预备役部队更有用，更适合冷战后的军事任务，包括改变其使用的立法和行政基础。自9/11事件以来，预备役在联合王国的防御中发挥了重要作用，特别是在阿富汗和伊拉克的行动中，但最近的金融危机促使人们进一步考虑如何最好地构建和使用这一能力，这已被列入最近的战略防御和安全审查(SDSR)。文章分析了目前关于预备役部队的人数应该削减还是增加，以及如何最好地将预备役部队的努力与正规部队的努力相结合的辩论。报告还审议了关于预备役部队最近行动经验的证据及其对一些人事问题的影响，包括征聘、留用以及他们的健康和福祉。讨论了预备役部队和正规军的健康和福祉结果之间的差异，并强调了今后的研究方向，同时也引出了对预备役部队的比较分析的影响。
This article focuses on how the role and structure of the UK’s Reserve Forces have changed since their foundation before the First World War, with particular attention paid to the last two decades, during which time government has sought to make the Reserves more useable and relevant to post-Cold War military missions, including changing the legislative and administrative basis of their use. Since 9/11, Reserves have played an important role in the defense of the United Kingdom, particularly in operations in Afghanistan and Iraq, but the recent financial crisis has spurred further consideration of how best to structure and use this capability, which has been included as part of the recent Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR). The article analyses the current debate on whether the number of Reserve Forces should be cut or increased, and on how best to integrate their efforts with those of the Regular Forces. It also considers the evidence on the recent operational experience of Reserve Forces and its impact on a number of personnel issues, including recruitment, retention, and their health and well-being. The differences between the health and well-being outcomes for Reserve and Regular Forces are discussed and future lines of research enquiry highlighted, while the implications for the comparative analysis of Reserve Forces are also drawn out.