Mechanisms and Evidence of Genital Coevolution: The Roles of Natural Selection, Mate Choice, and Sexual Conflict
Mechanisms and Evidence of Genital Coevolution: The Roles of Natural Selection, Mate Choice, and Sexual Conflict
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a017749
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Prum, Richard O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brennan, Patricia L. R.;Prum, Richard O.
两性之间的生殖器共同进化预计是常见的，因为在交配过程中男性和女性生殖器之间存在直接的相互作用。在这里，我们回顾了生殖器共同进化的不同机制，包括自然选择、女性配偶选择、男性-男性竞争，以及它们的相互作用如何产生性冲突，从而导致性对抗共同进化。生殖器形态上的自然选择将导致大小的共同进化，使交配成为可能，即使生殖器的其他特征可能反映其他选择机制的作用。至少有三种生殖器进化机制明确预测了生殖器的共同进化：防止杂交的锁和钥匙、雌性选择和性冲突。尽管有一些很好的例子支持这些机制，但还需要更多关于雌性生殖器官数量变异的数据和交配过程中功能形态的研究，以了解更一般的模式。为了继续推进我们对生殖器共同进化的理解，需要结合不同的方法。关于所研究物种的生态和行为的知识，结合功能形态、定量形态工具、实验操作和实验进化，已经在研究最好的物种中提供，所有这些物种都是无脊椎动物。因此，对这些地区的脊椎动物的关注是非常必要的。
Genital coevolution between the sexes is expected to be common because of the direct interaction between male and female genitalia during copulation. Here we review the diverse mechanisms of genital coevolution that include natural selection, female mate choice, male-male competition, and how their interactions generate sexual conflict that can lead to sexually antagonistic coevolution. Natural selection on genital morphology will result in size coevolution to allow for copulation to be mechanically possible, even as other features of genitalia may reflect the action of other mechanisms of selection. Genital coevolution is explicitly predicted by at least three mechanisms of genital evolution: lock and key to prevent hybridization, female choice, and sexual conflict. Although some good examples exist in support of each of these mechanisms, more data on quantitative female genital variation and studies of functional morphology during copulation are needed to understand more general patterns. A combination of different approaches is required to continue to advance our understanding of genital coevolution. Knowledge of the ecology and behavior of the studied species combined with functional morphology, quantitative morphological tools, experimental manipulation, and experimental evolution have been provided in the best-studied species, all of which are invertebrates. Therefore, attention to vertebrates in any of these areas is badly needed.