What Triggers Us to Be Involved in Martial Arts? Relationships between Motivations and Gender, Age and Training Experience
What Triggers Us to Be Involved in Martial Arts? Relationships between Motivations and Gender, Age and Training Experience
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是什么促使我们参与武术？
作者：
E. Malchrowicz;P. Zarębski;G. Kwiatkowski
这项研究的目的是找出来自大波兰地区的非精英柔道运动员参加柔道的动机，这些动机取决于性别、年龄和运动经验水平，因为之前的研究大多关注顶级运动员的动机。我们认为年龄、性别、运动经验水平和柔道运动动机之间存在关系。在诊断性调查中，柔道运动员完成了运动动机量表的波兰语版。为了确定柔道运动员的动机特征，采用k-均值方法进行了聚类分析。与体验刺激和完成的内在动机相关的动机得分最高，而与激励和外部调节相关的动机得分最低。研究结果表明，柔道训练经验与柔道运动员的动机之间存在一定的关系，但柔道运动员的动机不存在性别或年龄差异。在我们的研究中，体验刺激的内在动机对于参加比赛的柔道运动员来说更重要，而休闲运动员更多地表示体验刺激。训练年限在10年以上的运动员，其内在的成就动机和认识的内在动机更为重要，而运动动机则更多地体现在柔道训练年限不足10年的运动员身上。那些报告了较高的内部激励价值并拥有自己塑造的激励结构的受访者已经接受了更长时间的培训--超过10年。本研究对柔道运动员的三个动机群体进行了识别，发现不同群体的柔道体验存在差异性。建议检查其他武术，并在未来检查更多的变量，例如婚姻状况，这是运动动机领域潜在的重要因素。
The study aims to recognize the motivations to engage in judo depending on gender, age and level of sports experience among nonelite judokas from the Greater Poland region because previous studies mostly concerned the motivations of top athletes. We supposed that there was a relationship between age, gender, level of sports experience and motivations in judo. During the diagnostic survey, judokas completed the Polish version of the Sport Motivation Scale. In order to determine the motivational profiles of judokas, cluster analysis was performed using the k-means method. The highest values were obtained for motivations related to the intrinsic motivation to experience stimulation and the intrinsic motivation to accomplish, while the lowest values were obtained for motivations related to amotivation and external regulation. The research results showed a relationship between experience in judo training and the motivations of judokas; however, the motivations of the judokas were not differentiated based on their gender or age. In our study, the intrinsic motivation to experience stimulation turned out to be more important for judokas participating in competitions, while recreational athletes more often indicated experiencing amotivation. The intrinsic motivation to accomplish and intrinsic motivation to know turned out to be more important for athletes in training for more than 10 years, while amotivation was more often indicated to be experienced by judokas practicing judo for less than 10 years. Respondents who reported high internal motivation values and had a motivational structure they shaped themselves had been training for longer—for more than 10 years. In our study, the three motivational groups of judokas were identified, and we found that judo experience differentiated belonging to groups. It is recommended to check other martial arts and check more variables in the future, e.g., marital status, which is a potentially important factor in the field of sport motivation.
DOI：
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation
影响因子：
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作者：
E. Deci;Richard M. Ryan
通讯作者：
E. Deci;Richard M. Ryan