Substance use trends among active duty military personnel: findings from the United States Department of Defense Health Related Behavior Surveys, 1980-2005
Substance use trends among active duty military personnel: findings from the United States Department of Defense Health Related Behavior Surveys, 1980-2005
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01841.x
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Hourani, Laurel L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bray, Robert M.;Hourani, Laurel L.
目的 本研究旨在评估 1980 年至 2005 年现役军人使用香烟、非法药物和酗酒的趋势，并研究军队内部社会人口变化对药物使用模式的影响。设计 药物使用流行率是根据 25 年来对全球 150 000 多名现役军人进行的九项自我报告调查获得的横截面数据估算得出的。直接标准化用于调整社会人口变化。衡量指标包括调查前 30 天内自我报告的吸烟情况、非法药物使用情况和酗酒情况。重度饮酒的定义是在过去 30 天内，每周至少一次在每个典型饮酒场合喝五杯或更多酒。结果 从 1980 年到 1998 年，军事人员的香烟和非法药物使用量急剧下降。酗酒情况在 1980 年代中期有所下降，但从 1988 年到 1998 年保持稳定。1998 年到 2002 年，吸烟和大量饮酒情况显着增加，并在 2005 年保持在这些水平。非法药物使用量仍然很低。逻辑回归分析表明，除了调查年份的社会人口变化外，趋势还受到其他因素的影响。结论 军队在减少吸烟和非法药物使用方面取得了显着进展，但在减少酗酒方面进展不大。应额外强调了解近期药物使用的增加，并规划有效的干预措施和预防计划，以减少这一高危人群的使用。
Aims This study was designed to assess trends in cigarette, illicit drug, and heavy alcohol use among active-duty military personnel from 1980 to 2005 and to examine the influence of socio-demographic changes within the military on patterns of substance use. Design Substance use prevalence rates were estimated from cross-sectional data obtained from nine self-report surveys administered to more than 150 000 active-duty service members world-wide over a 25-year period. Direct standardization was used to adjust for socio-demographic changes. Measurements Measures included self-reported cigarette use, illicit drug use and heavy alcohol use in the 30 days prior to the survey. Heavy alcohol use was defined as drinking five or more drinks per typical drinking occasion at least once a week in the past 30 days. Findings Cigarette and illicit drug use among military personnel declined sharply and significantly from 1980 to 1998. Heavy alcohol use decreased in the mid-1980s but was stable from 1988 to 1998. Both cigarette smoking and heavy alcohol use increased significantly between 1998 and 2002 and remained at those levels in 2005. Illicit drug use remained low. Logistic regression analyses indicated that trends were influenced by other factors besides socio-demographic changes across survey years. Conclusions The military has made notable progress in decreasing cigarette smoking and illicit drug use, but has made less progress in reducing heavy alcohol use. Additional emphasis should be placed on understanding recent increases in substance use and on planning effective interventions and prevention programs to reduce use in this high-risk population.